Page 641 - US History

Chapter 21 | Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920 631
spoke to the Progressive spirit in the nation and transformed the president’s office for the twentieth century. The courage he displayed in his confrontation of big business and willingness to side with workers in capital-labor disputes, as well as his commitment to the preservation of federal lands, set an agenda his successors had to match. Like Roosevelt, William Howard Taft pushed antitrust rulings and expanded federal oversight of interstate commerce. But estrangement from his predecessor and mentor left Taft in a difficult position for reelection. Roosevelt’s third-party challenge as a Progressive split the Republican vote and handed Woodrow Wilson the presidency in 1912.
A Progressive like his predecessors, Wilson was also a political creature who understood the need to do more in order to ensure his reelection. He, too, sought to limit the power of big businesses and stabilize the economy, and he ushered in a wave of Progressive legislation that grassroots Progressives had long called for. The nation’s entanglement in World War I, however, soon shunted the Progressive goals of democracy, efficiency, regulation, and social justice to the back burner. The nation’s new priorities included national security and making the world “safe for democracy.”
Review Questions
1.
Ida Tarbell wrote publicly about
A. the need for better housing in rural
America
B. the sinister business practices of Standard
Oil
C. the need for a national temperance
movement
D. the women’s suffrage cause in the
American West
6. Which of the following was not a feature of Booker T. Washington’s strategy to improve the lives of African Americans?
2.
3. How did muckrakers help initiate the Progressive Era?
7.
8.
9. How did Roosevelt intercede in the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902?
A. He invited strikers and workers to the White House.
B. He urged the owners to negotiate a deal. C. He threatened to send in the army to work
the mines.
D. He ordered the National Guard to protect
the strikers.
Which of the following was not a key area of focus for the Progressives?
A. land reform
B. democracy
C. business regulation
D. social justice
4.
5.
What system did the direct primary replace?
A. candidate selection by secret ballots
B. candidate selection by machine bosses
C. candidate selection by convention delegates
D. an indirect primary
Which of the following is not an example of social justice Progressivism?
A. anti-liquor campaigns
B. referendums
C. workplace safety initiatives
D. improvements in education
A. self-help
B. accommodating/tolerating white racism
C. immediate protests for equal rights
D. learning new trades/skills
Who were the “Silent Sentinels”?
A. a group of progressive African Americans
who drafted the Declaration of Principles
B. anti-suffrage women
C. an offshoot of the Industrial Workers of the
World
D. suffragists who protested outside the White
House
Describe the philosophy and strategies of the Niagara Movement. How did it differ from Washington’s way of thinking?