Page 56 - Introduction to Programming with Java: A Problem Solving Approach

22 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming Summary
• A computer system is all the components that are necessary for a computer to operate and the con- nections between those components. More specifically, a computer system consists of the CPU, main memory, auxiliary memory, and I/O devices.
• Programmers write algorithms as first attempt solutions for programming problems.
• Algorithms are written with pseudocode—similar to programming language code except that precise
syntax (words, grammar) isn’t required.
• Source code is the formal term for programming language instructions.
• Object code is a set of binary-encoded instructions that can be directly executed by a computer.
• Most non-Java compilers compile from source code to object code.
• Java compilers compile from source code to bytecode.
• As a Java program runs, the Java Virtual Machine translates the program’s bytecode to object code.
• Originally, Sun developed Java for use in home appliance software.
• To expedite development, Java programmers often use integrated development environments, but you
can use a plain text editor and command prompt window.
Review Questions
§1.2 Hardware Terminology
1. What do the following abbreviations mean?
a) I/O b) CPU
c) RAM d) GHz
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e) MB
2. Identify two important computer input devices. 3. Identify two important computer output devices. 4. Assertions:
a) Main memory is faster than auxiliary memory. (T / F) b) Auxiliary memory is volatile. (T / F)
c) The first position in main memory is at address 1. (T / F) d) The CPU is considered to be a peripheral device. (T / F)
e) Hot swapping is when you plug a device into a computer while the computer is on. (T / F)
§1.3 Writing Algorithms Using Pseudocode 5. What is an algorithm?
6. What is pseudocode?
§1.4 Translating Pseudocode into Programming Language Code
7. Syntax rules are more lenient for which type of code—pseudocode or programming language code?
§1.5 Compiling Source Code into Object Code 8. What happens when you compile a program?
9. What is object code?
§1.6 Portability
10. What is a Java Virtual Machine?