Page 248 - English - Teaching Academic Esl Writing

234 CHAPTER 9
Step 1
In the following sentences, please identify the function of the underlined modifying phrase(s)andindicatewhatword(s)orphrase(s)itmodifies.Also please explain whether it is possible for this modifying phrase to be moved to a different position in the sentence. If so, how would the meaning of the sentence change? Please be ready to discuss and explain your choices.
1. In the old days, mothers used topurchase clothesfor their daughters. How- ever, that approach didn't work anymore, becausein the 1990s girlsstarted to want independence at a younger age.
2. Good health care and maintenance, balanced diet, regular exercise, and sufficient amounts of sleep can lead to tangible benefits in the long term.
3. Long-term success of sales often depends on the ability of advertising and the sales personnel to build a good relationship with the buyer.
4. Advertising consists of any type of communication carried by_a mass medium for a company selling the product. When consumers think of advertising, they normally think of television, radio, and magazines, but any mass me-
dium may be used for advertising over the long term.
5. Theabilitytoconveymessagesto_alargenumberofpeopleatonceisthema-
jor benefit of advertising.
6. In the_ mass media, such as television and particularly radio, advertising
companies have tofollow strictguidelines and a number offederal regula-
tions designed to control the types of messages intended for the public.
7. Publicity can also appear to be similar to advertising in the mass media.
However, publicity isfree, while advertising is not. Advertisers have a great deal of control over the content of promotional messages, and mass-media advertising has its disadvantages.
(Adapted from Campbell et al., 2001)
Step 2.
In the following sentences, please identify possible positions/places where a prepositional phrase or a couple of prepositional phrases can be placed to make the sentence meaning as precise and clear as possible. Please be ready to explain your choices.
1. Twopsychologists interviewed 50 newlywed couples. in several states in an experiment
2. Happily married couples sat close, looked at each other, and talked to their spouses.
together during the interview frequently
3. It turned out that the style of being together seems to continue.
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