Page 323 - English - Teaching Academic Esl Writing

COHESION ANDCOHERENCE 309
ance between explaining too much and not providing enough in-
formation for the reader to understand their text?
5. A number of structures and textual devices are discussed in this chapter. Please explain which of these would be the most difficult for teachers to teach or students to learn. Why? Are the difficult
teaching structures the same as the complex learning structures?
FURTHER READINGS ABOUT RHETORICAL DEVICES AND COHESION
Biq, Y.-O. (1990). Question words as hedges in Chinese. In L. Bouton & Y. Kachru (Eds.), Pragmatics and Language Learning (Vol. 1, pp. 149-158). Urbana-Cham- paign: Intensive English Institute.
Carrell, P. (1982). Cohesion is not coherence. TESOL Quarterly, 16(4), 479-488. Carrell, P.(1992). Awareness of text structure: Effects on recall. Language learning,
42, 1-20.
Francis, G. (1994). Labelling discourse: An aspect of nominal-group cohesion. In M.
Coulthard (Ed.),Advancesinwrittentextanalysis (pp. 83-101). NewYork:Routledge. Halliday, M. A. K., &: Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. London: Longman. Hinkel, E. (2001). Matters of cohesion in LI and L2 academic texts. Applied Lan-
guage learning, 12(2), 111-132.
Kim, H. (1990). Continuity of action and topic in discourse. In H. Hoji (Ed.), Japa-
nese and Korean linguistics (pp. 79-96). Palo Alto, CA: Center for Study of Lan-
guage and Information.
Master, P. (2002). Relative clause reduction in technical research articles. In E.
Hinkel & S. Fotos (Eds.), New perspectives on grammar teachingsecond and foreign
language classrooms (pp. 201-231).Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. McCarthy, M. (1994). It, this, and that. In M. Coulthard (Ed.), Advances in writtentext
analysis (pp. 266-275). New York: Routledge.
Ostler, S. (1987). English in parallels: A comparison of English and Arabic prose. In
U. Connor & R. Kaplan (Eds.), Writing across languages:Analysis of L2 text (pp.
169-185). Reading, MA:Addison-Wesley.
Scollon, R. (1991). Eight legs and one elbow: Stance and structure in Chinese Eng-
lish compositions. Proceedings of the 2nd North American Conference on Adult and Ad-
olescent Literacy (pp. 26-41). Ottawa: International Reading Association. Tickoo, A. (1992). Seeking a pedagogically useful understanding of given-new: An analysis of native speaker errors in written discourse. In L. Bouton and Y.Kachru (Eds.), Pragmatics and language learning (Vol. 3, pp. 130-143). Urbana-Cham-
paign: Intensive English Institute.
Wong, H. (1990). The use of rhetorical questions in written argumentative dis-
course. In L. Bouton &Y.Kachru (Eds.), Pragmatics and Language Learning (Vol. 1, pp. 187-208). Urbana-Champaign: Intensive English Institute.
Appendix to Chapter 11
The diagram The Structure of an Academic Essay is intended to illustrate the fundamental structure of the classical, traditional, and sometimes depre-
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