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But the problem is not just about readiness. Many are not convinced that e-voting is a solution at all. The Association for Elections and Democracy (Perludem), for example, is skeptical about e-voting, saying that the technology has credibility problems.
“Learning from the experience of other countries that have implemented e-voting is the right way to go,” said Perludem chairman Titi Anggraini. The election watchdog highlighted that the Netherlands pulled the plug on e-voting in 2007 following a challenge by a group called We Don’t Trust Voting Computers. The challenge was triggered by the failure of election organizers to hold a revote in regions that had implemented e-voting.
Australia, it said, also no longer used e-voting for its federal elections and used it only for overseas and disabled voters. Germany, meanwhile, banned e-voting in 2009 as the system lacks transparency, could not be audited and is too complicated. Perludem called on the government to focus on what it is trying to solve instead of what kind of election technology it wishes to have. “The use of technology could lead to new problems if it is not based on efforts to provide solutions to the real problems,” Titi said.
Zainuddin echoed Titi’s sentiment, saying there was no evidence e-voting could prevent election fraud. “Technology is prone to misuse, including by hackers. Some developed countries no longer apply the technology. It is still a long way to go for us.” The BPPT, however, said Indonesia should look to India where it claimed e-voting had been a success.
“India is the country that should be seen as the best practice model, as it always updates its election technology,” Michael said. The agency claimed to have updated its e-voting machines to address concerns about its credibility by providing tally receipts, log files and barcoded receipts. “It depends on our mentality. If we contest the election, we have to be ready to accept defeat. If not, distrust will always prevail, whatever the system may be,” Andrari said.