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Appendix 1: Glossary addition rule
The addition rule states that given events A and B, the probability of either A or B is given by .
altitude
An altitude in a triangle is a line segment from a vertex to the opposite that is perpendicular to the that side.
angle bisector
A line through the vertex of an angle that divides it into two equal angles.
apex
The highest point of a pyramid when it is sitting on its base.
arc
The part of a circle lying between two points on a circle.
arccos
The arccos of a number between 0 and 1 is the acute angle whose cosine is that number.
arc length
The length of an arc.
arcsin
The arcsin of a number between 0 and 1 is the acute angle whose sine is that number.
arctan
The arccos of a positive number 1 is the acute angle whose tangent is that number.
auxiliary line
An extra line drawn in a Rgure to reveal hidden structure.
axis of rotation
A line about which you rotate a two-dimensional Rgure to get a three-dimensional Rgure.
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