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 4.4​ Fixed investment
 Russia -Fixed capital investment 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Mar-2018
 Investment (% of GDP)
24.3 22.9 22.0 21.4 22.5 23.5 15.3
 GDP: Gross fixed investment capital formation (USD mn)
471,337 496,982 428,573 276,240 280,350 342,294 58,303
 source: CEIC
         4.5 ​Labour and income
4.5.1​ Labour market, unemployment dynamics
   Almost half of all Russians had no money saved when Covid-19 hit the country​, according to a new survey, with only 26% of the population having enough to survive self-isolation if all sources of income were stopped.​ ​The study, conducted by Russian analytical centre NAFI, reported that 46% of all respondents said they had encountered financial difficulties during the lockdown period.​ ​The fact 45% of Russians have no savings is not significantly different to the numbers seen in other developed and emerging economies.
 47​ RUSSIA Country Report​ July 2020 ​ ​www.intellinews.com
 























































































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