Page 144 - Demo

文法
1 A やぞめ B ‘B without doing A’
You use the non-past negative form of the verb with め to say “B without doing A.”
1. パ【ロオ熱どぱやぞめ院カぺ~ I ate soup without heating it up.
2. 書でやつはやぞめΕン【オ出ぱべ~ I turned in the report without rewriting it.
3. 遅イやぞめ時関ゅ来む価はぞ~ Please come without being late.
4. 忘イやぞめ辞書オ持ぽむ来む価はぞ~ Please bring the dictionary without fail. らひ
5. 大額を行づやぞめ\廻社オ始べ~ I started a company without going to college.
The ×やぞめ forms are negative む-forms of the verbs. The ×やぞめ forms are more action-oriented than the other negative ×やどむ forms, which are adjectival. The ×やぞめ forms carry the sense of ‘the subject’s control over the action’; the adjectival ×やどむ forms lack this sense of control and cannot be used with どぺはぞ. They tend to be interpreted as “reasons” as in the following examples:
A ないで B B without doing A
2
6. 7. 8.
手紙て来やどむ\困ぽべ~
I was troubled because the letter didn’t come.
分づァやどむ\可出来やづぽべ~
I couldn’t do anything because I didn’t understand.
昨日授業ゅ来やどむ\びふカめぱべ~
I am sorry I didn’t come to a lecture yesterday.
×やぞめ≧どぺはぞ∞ ‘please don’t...’
To make a negative request such as “Please don’t look,” use ×やぞめ(価はぞ).
1. 宿題オ忘イやぞめ価はぞ~ Please don’t forget the homework. 2. ねねめ食んやぞめ価はぞ~ Please don’t eat it here.
Negative request
Lesson 16B Page 520
Non-past negative V + で ください (= ~ない)