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unit 2
4. Extension to History
The Great Wall of China
almost everybody has heard of this enormous stone wall in Northern China. it is pretty hard to miss, especially because it is 5,500 miles long! it has more than 7,000 lookout towers! imagine how many guards you would need just for the lookout towers, not to mention to patrol the rest. it also covers many mountains, and passes through 157 counties. Something that big has to take a long time to be built! its construction started around 600 B.C.
The last work was done in the Qing dynasty, which was from the 15th to the early 20th century.
http://shedexpedition.com/great-wall-in-china/
Chinese history can be divided into different sections called dynasties. each dynasty is a group of rulers that were all from the same family line, the power usually passing from father to son and so forth. every time the ruling family changed, a new dynasty started. even before China was united, the Great Wall was being built, but many dynasties added more to it, so some parts are much older than others, and very different from each other. for example, some parts are made of very tightly packed earth, some are made from stone, and still others are made out of bricks.
The reason the Great Wall was made was to defend China’s northern border against attacks from the Xiognu people. The Xiognu weren’t always enemies of China, they were sometimes allies, but the relationship between the two groups changed very often, so the Chinese created the Great Wall as a precaution.
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