Page 24 - Red Feather Book 2

Participles
In many cases they are used as adjectives, this means they modify a noun or pronoun.
Example: The spinning wheel hit my head. There are two participles in English:
Present Participle: It expresses an active action. It is formed:
base form of the verb + -ing Example: He is leaving to hear the speech.
Exceptions:
When a verb ends in silent
e
Drop the e before you add –ing.
Write-writing.
When a verb ends ie
Change the ie for a y and add –ing
tie-tying
If the word has a CVC pattern and a stressed syllable at the end
double the consonant and add –ing. (exceptions: words ending in w,x,y and z)
stop - stopping
“I Have a Dream” 21 by Martin Luther King, Jr.