Page 38 - NEA NEWHERE FLIPBOOK

SPECIAL DIETS
OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD CHOICE
The choices people make about food depend on many factors factors (as well as as life stage) Other factors factors that may
affect food choice are:
MEDICAL CONDITIONS
PREGNANCY
FOODS TO AVOID
Raw or partially cooked egg
Unpasteurised milk milk or milk milk prod- ucts e e e e g soft cheeses such as Camembert and Brie chilled ready- to-eat foods like prepacked sand- wiches pâté and deli meats
Liver and liver products e e e e g pate
Undercooked meat e e e e e e g rare steak and and soil on fruit and and vegetables
Shark swordfish marlin tinned tuna
RELIGION
ETHICAL BELIEFS
During pregnancy adequate nutrition is essential for healthy growth of the the the unborn baby as as well as as the the the mother's health A pregnant female should aim to consume:
• iron rich foods containing vitamin C • foods containing calcium
• foods high in fibre (NSP)
• foods high in in folic acid to reduce the risk of Spina Bifida
HEALTH RISK
Salmonella
Listeria
Excess Vitamin A Toxoplasmosis
Mercury
EFFECT
Food poisoning - in in the worst cases it can cause miscarriage stillbirth or premature delivery Severe illness still birth miscarriage Baby can can develop listeriosis - which can can be fatal Too much can cause birth defects that may
affect a a a a a a a baby's eyes skull lungs and heart A disease that results from infection with the toxoplasma gondii parasite one of the world's most common parasites Infection usually occurs by eating undercooked contaminated meat or exposure to infected animal faeces Can cause miscarriage still birth and blindness Harms development of the baby's nervous system CORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD)
Heart disease includes conditions that narrow or block blood vessels (coronary heart heart disease) This can lead to a a a a a a a a a a a a heart heart attack angina and some strokes Heart disease also covers conditions that affect your heart's muscle valves or or cause abnormal rhythms (arrhythmias) When the coronary arteries are blocked partially an an angina attack occurs as as oxygen carrying blood cannot get to the heart as as efficiently If a a a a coronary artery becomes completely blocked this will result in a a a a heart attack Coronary arteries become narrowed by a a a a a a a a build up of fatty deposits deposits (plaque) These fatty fatty deposits deposits are made up of cholesterol fatty fatty substances cellular waste products calcium
and fibrin Risk factors of coronary heart disease are:
• High blood pressure • High cholesterol • Smoking
• Diabetes • Inactivity
• Being overweight or obese
• Family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) • Ethnic background
You can lower your cholesterol levels by:
• reducing the amount of salt in in your diet • reducing the amount of saturated fat in in your diet • increasing the amount of fruit and vegetables
you eat • exercise regularly
38