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106 “It’s key for us to all keep in mind that whenever we are safeguarding heritage, we are not just dealing with monuments, we are rebuilding lives, and this has to guide and frame our action.” Given the scale of the crisis confronting world heritage from both natural disasters and those that are man-made, Ms Borchi said a more co-ordinated approach to heritage protection was required, not just between actors and agencies - a new multilateralism - but in how it is funded. The ALIPH Foundation was established with this growing need in mind, under the rubric “protecting heritage to build peace”. A public/private partnership of several states, individuals and experts, ALIPH was created in response to the widespread destruction of monuments, museums and heritage sites in conflict areas. The initiative has its basis in the report ‘Fifty proposals to protect the cultural heritage of humanity’, produced in 2015 by President-Director of the Musée du Louvre Jean-Luc Martinez at the request of French President Emmanuel Macron, with the proposals including an international fund to protect heritage in the face of armed conflict. Following an international conference on heritage in danger held in Abu Dhabi in December 2016, a cooperation driven by France and the United Arab Emirates led to this proposal becoming a reality, with the establishment of ALIPH in March 2017. At the Culture Summit discussion, ALIPH’s Executive Director Valery Freland said it was a challenge to find the right actors with the ability to respond fast and nimbly to the threats from conflict and natural disasters. There was also a need, he said, to break down barriers between different sectors - defence, foreign affairs, culture and humanitarian aid - and to involve all stakeholders. Benjamin Charlier, a legal adviser in humanitarian law with the International Committee of the Red Cross, agreed. “Although we have very strong expertise in our fields, more and more communities are becoming more assertive in the role that they want to play in their own fate, survival and recovery,” he said.