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8.3 Classifying quadrilaterals
8.3 Classifying quadrilaterals
A quadrilateral is a 2D shape with four straight sides.
diagonal
A diagonal is a line that joins two opposite corners of a quadrilateral.
Every quadrilateral has two diagonals. The diagonals always cut
(cross) each other. diagonal
In some quadrilaterals the diagonals bisect each other. The word ‘bisect’ means to cut in half.
In a rectangle the diagonals bisect each other. In a kite only one diagonal bisects the other.
In some quadrilaterals the diagonals cut or bisect each other at 90° (right angles).
In a square the diagonals bisect each other In a parallelogram the diagonals bisect each other,
at right angles. but not at right angles.
Here is a summary of the properties of the special quadrilaterals that you should know.
A square has: A rectangle has:
r BMM TJEFT UIF TBNF MFOHUI r QBJST PG TJEFT PG FRVBM MFOHUI
r QBJST PG QBSBMMFM TJEFT r QBJST PG QBSBMMFM TJEFT
r BMM BOHMFT r BMM BOHMFT
r EJBHPOBMT UIBU CJTFDU FBDI PUIFS BU r EJBHPOBMT UIBU CJTFDU FBDI PUIFS
r MJOFT PG TZNNFUSZ r MJOFT PG TZNNFUSZ
r PSEFS SPUBUJPOBM TZNNFUSZ r PSEFS SPUBUJPOBM TZNNFUSZ
A rhombus has: A parallelogram has:
r BMM TJEFT UIF TBNF MFOHUI r QBJST PG TJEFT PG FRVBM MFOHUI
r QBJST PG QBSBMMFM TJEFT r QBJST PG QBSBMMFM TJEFT
r PQQPTJUF BOHMFT FRVBM r PQQPTJUF BOHMFT FRVBM
r EJBHPOBMT UIBU CJTFDU FBDI PUIFS BU r EJBHPOBMT UIBU CJTFDU FBDI PUIFS
r MJOFT PG TZNNFUSZ r OP MJOFT PG TZNNFUSZ
r PSEFS SPUBUJPOBM TZNNFUSZ r PSEFS SPUBUJPOBM TZNNFUSZ
A kite has: A trapezium has: An isosceles trapezium has:
r QBJST PG FRVBM TJEFT r TJEFT PG EJĒFSFOU MFOHUIT r TJEFT UIF TBNF MFOHUI
r OP QBSBMMFM TJEFT r QBJS PG QBSBMMFM TJEFT r QBJS PG QBSBMMFM TJEFT
r QBJS PG FRVBM BOHMFT r BOHMFT PG EJĒFSFOU TJ[FT r QBJST PG FRVBM BOHMFT
r EJBHPOBM UIBU CJTFDUT UIF PUIFS r OP MJOFT PG TZNNFUSZ r MJOF PG TZNNFUSZ
r EJBHPOBMT UIBU DSPTT BU r PSEFS SPUBUJPOBM TZNNFUSZ r PSEFS SPUBUJPOBM TZNNFUSZ
r MJOF PG TZNNFUSZ
r PSEFS SPUBUJPOBM TZNNFUSZ
88 8 Shapes and geometric reasoning
