Page 7 - Desert Lightning News, So. AZ Edition, Sept. 1 2017

Desert Lightning News
September 2017 www.aerotechnews.com/davis-monthanafb Facebook.com/DesertLightningNews
7
(from Page 5)
WWI
COLD
the city during the Berlin airlift under Operation Vittles, using C-54 Skymasters. The efforts of these air forces saved the city from starvation and forced the Soviets to back down in their blockade.
Conflict over post-war military administration, espe- cially with regard to the roles and missions to be assigned to the Air Force and the U.S. Navy, led to an episode called the “Revolt of the Admirals” in the late 1940s, in which high-ranking Navy officers argued the case for carrier- based aircraft rather than strategic bombers.
In 1947, the Air Force began Project Sign, a study of unidentified flying objects what would be twice revived (first as Project Grudge and finally as Project Blue Book) and which would last until 1969.
In 1948 the Women’s Armed Services Integration Act gave women permanent status in the Regular and Re- serve forces of the Air Force. And on July 8, 1948, Esther McGowin Blake became the first woman in the Air Force, enlisting the first minute of the first hour of the first day regular Air Force duty was authorized for women.
During the Korean War, which began in June 1950, the Far East Air Forces were among the first units to respond to the invasion by North Korea, but quickly lost its main airbase at Kimpo, South Korea.
Forced to provide close air support to the defenders of the Pusan pocket from bases in Japan, the FEAF also conducted a strategic bombing campaign against North Korea’s war-making potential simultaneously. Gen. Douglas MacArthur’s landing at Inchon in September 1950 enabled the FEAF to return to Korea and develop bases from which they supported MacArthur’s drive to the Korean-Chinese border.
When the Chinese People’s Liberation Army attacked
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in December 1950, the Air Force provided tactical air sup- port. The introduction of Soviet-made MiG-15 jet fighters caused problems for the B-29s used to bomb North Korea, but the Air Force countered the MiGs with its new F-86 Sabre jet fighters. Although both air superiority and close air support missions were successful, a lengthy attempt to interdict communist supply lines by air attack failed and was replaced by a systematic campaign to inflict as much economic cost to North Korea and the Chinese forces as long as war persisted, including attacks on the capital city of Pyongyang and against the North Korean hydroelectric system.
Air Force photograph
F-86 Sabres with their 51st Fighter Interceptor Wing “Checkertails” are readied for combat during the Ko- rean War at Suwon Air Base, South Korea.
Examples like this quickly won over skeptical com- manders who initially distrusted the value of code and cipher work. However, it also exposed a vulnerability for future warfare.
Moorman cautioned that the system developed for use in World War I was successful primarily because of the static nature of trench warfare. Its value decreased when the enemy became mobile and the RIS could not maintain close contact long enough to establish the listening stations and install the necessary equipment.
In 1920, Moorman spoke to the officers of the Military Intelligence Division in an effort to pass on insights rel- evant for the future. He recalled that his most pressing problem was obtaining adequate personnel.
“The difficulty in finding men who could actually think without a guardian was surprising,” Moorman said. “It is hoped that one of the aims of the future will be to develop this ability in men chosen for code and cipher work.”
Another obstacle the RIS faced was educating outside personnel about the process of code and cipher work.
“What [headquarters] wanted us to do was pick out the important messages, decode them, and let the rest go,” Moorman said. “It was a matter of considerable difficulty to make them see that we had to work them out and that the Germans did not tag their important messages before sending them.”
Additionally, educating troops about the importance of safeguarding their own communications was para- mount.
“It is a sacrifice of American lives to unnecessarily assist the enemy in the solution of our code,” Moor- man warned. Too often, Soldiers mishandled codes and refused to “[observe] the ‘foolish’ little details that the code man insisted on.”
Moorman correctly predicted that all these issues would endure in the future.
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