Page 18 - Aerotech News and Review, July 19, 2019

APOLLO, from 16
Moon: The Apollo 11 Mission. This in- cluded Space Center Houston from Oct. 14, 2017 to March 18, 2018, the Saint Louis Science Center from April 14 to Sept. 3, 2018, the Senator John Heinz History Center in Pittsburgh from Sept. 29, 2018, to Feb. 18, 2019, and its cur- rent location at the Seattle Museum of Flight from March 16 to Sept. 2, 2019.
For 40 years Armstrong’s and Al- drin’s space suits were displayed in the museum’s Apollo to the Moon exhibit, until it closed for good on Dec. 3, 2018, to be replaced by a new gallery which was scheduled to open in 2022. A special display of Armstrong’s suit is planned for the 50th anniversary of Apollo 11 in July 2019. The quarantine trailer, the flo- tation collar and the flotation bags are in the Smithsonian’s Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center annex near Washington Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, Va., where they are on display along with a test lunar module.
The descent stage of the LM Eagle remains on the Moon. In 2009, the Lu- nar Reconnaissance Orbiter imaged the various Apollo landing sites on the sur- face of the Moon, for the first time with sufficient resolution to see the descent stages of the lunar modules, scientific instruments, and foot trails made by the astronauts. The remains of the ascent stage lie at an unknown location on the lunar surface, after being abandoned and impacting the Moon. The location is un- certain because Eagle ascent stage was not tracked after it was jettisoned, and the lunar gravity field is sufficiently non-
uniform to make the orbit of the space- craft unpredictable after a short time.
In March 2012 a team of specialists financed by Amazon founder Jeff Bezos located the F-1 engines from the S-IC stage that launched Apollo 11 into space. They were found on the Atlantic seabed using advanced sonar scanning. His team brought parts of two of the five engines to the surface. In July 2013, a conserva- tor discovered a serial number under the rust on one of the engines raised from the Atlantic, which NASA confirmed was from Apollo 11. The S-IVB third stage
which performed Apollo 11’s trans-lunar injection remains in a solar orbit near to that of Earth.
Moon rocks
The main repository for the Apollo Moon rocks is the Lunar Sample Labo- ratory Facility at the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.
For safekeeping, there is also a small- er collection stored at White Sands Test Facility near Las Cruces, N.M. Most of the rocks are stored in nitrogen to keep them free of moisture. They are
handled only indirectly, using special tools. More than 100 research labora- tories around the world conduct studies of the samples, and approximately 500 samples are prepared and sent to inves- tigators every year.
In November 1969, Nixon asked NASA to make up about 250 presenta- tion Apollo 11 lunar sample displays for 135 nations, the 50 states of the United States and its possessions, and the United Nations. Each display included Moon dust from Apollo 11. The rice- sized particles were four small pieces of Moon soil weighing about 50 mg and were enveloped in a clear acrylic button about as big as a United States half dol- lar coin. This acrylic button magnified the grains of lunar dust. The Apollo 11 lunar sample displays were given out as goodwill gifts by Nixon in 1970.
The Passive Seismic Experiment ran until the command uplink failed on Aug. 25, 1969. The downlink failed on Dec. 14, 1969. As of 2018, the Lunar Laser Ranging experiment remains op- erational.
On Aug. 7, 2009, as part of the 40th anniversary celebration, an act of Con- gress awarded the three astronauts a Congressional Gold Medal, the highest civilian award in the United States. The bill was sponsored by Florida Senator Bill Nelson and Florida Representative Alan Grayson.
A group of British scientists in- terviewed as part of the anniversary events reflected on the significance of
the Moon landing:
“It was carried out in a technically
brilliant way with risks taken ... that would be inconceivable in the risk- averse world of today ... The Apollo programme is arguably the greatest technical achievement of mankind to date ... nothing since Apollo has come close [to] the excitement that was gener- ated by those astronauts – Armstrong, Aldrin and the 10 others who followed them.”
50th anniversary events
On June 10, 2015, Congressman Bill Posey introduced resolution H.R. 2726 to the 114th session of the United States House of Representatives directing the United States Mint to design and sell commemorative coins in gold, silver and clad for the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission. On Jan. 24, 2019, the Mint released the Apollo 11 50th Anniversary commemorative coins to the public on its website.
A documentary film, “Apollo 11,” with restored footage of the 1969 event, premiered in IMAX on March 1, 2019, and broadly in theaters on March 8.
Beginning on July 9, 2019, PBS aired a three-night, six-hour documentary, called “Chasing the Moon,” which ex- amined the events leading up to Apollo 11. An accompanying book of the same name was also released.
Additionally, there are numerous events and television specials around the country.
Ticker tape parade for the Apollo 11 astronauts. Location is Manhattan, New York City on the section of Broadway known as the “Canyon of Heroes”. Pictured in the lead car, from the right, are astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, Michael Collins and Edwin E. “Buzz” Aldrin Jr.
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