Page 334 - Green - Maritime Archaeology: A Technical Handbook. 2nd ed

Chapter 11: Artifact Drawing 313
Figure 11.12 Lettering that shows the difference in readability between (left) serif (Times) and (right) sans serf (Arial) fonts.
of text applied to the drawing, it is probably best to complete the draw- ing without any text on it, scan it, import the scan into a vector graphics package, and place the text using the text feature of the program (Figure 11.13).
VII. SHADING
There are two simple ways of shading an object drawing: stippling or hatching. The former is most suited to regular smooth objects (ceramics), the latter to rougher objects with texture (iron and wood). The object of shading is to give the impression of body and shape to the two-dimensional drawing. If shaded well, the results can be superb, if not, they can be dele- terious, detracting from the value of the line drawing and wasting a great deal of the illustrator’s time. Shading requires practice and a certain amount of boldness in the approach to the subject. Some simple rules apply to shading, particularly stippling.
First, it is important to decide which way up an object is to be published. Once this has been determined, an illumination convention has to be decided upon. In general most illustrators assume that the object is illumi- nated from above, either in the upper right- or upper left-hand corner. Taking a simple example of an object, for example, a sphere, the area closest to the light source will have the highest level of illumination (2 o’clock). Around this, in a series of crescents, will be progressively darker areas,