Page 11 - DREAM 2047_Hindi June 2021

xSlkas dh mifLFkfr eas o`f) djrs gASa
Hkkjh ek=k eas IykfLVd] dpjs ds
Hkjko {k=s 1⁄4yMSa fQy1⁄2 vkSj egklkxjkas
rd igpaq rs g]Sa ftuds vi?kVu ls
ehFkus vkSj CO2 dk fuekZps u gkrs k
gASa ou ,oa çoky fHkfÙk;ka CO2 ds
fuLrkj.k dk çeq[k lzkrs g]Sa yfs du
bUgas fofHkUu dkj.kkas ls u"V fd;k
tk jgk gSA yxHkx 90% ,;jkls kys
çk—frd lzkrs kas ls vkrs g(Sa vkSj
ckdh thok'e bZ/ku ,oa ck;kes kl ds
tyus lAs jklk;fud moZjd feêh
ls ukbVal v‚DlkbM NkMs r+ s gSa rks
ogha eo's kh] ikpu-çfØ;k ds nkSjku
ehFkus mRiUu djrs gASa blds lkFk
gh] pkoy ds [krs kas ls mRiUu gqvk ehFkus ] Xykcs y okfeZxa eas o`f) djrk gSaA
D;kVs ks çkVs kds ‚y vkjS mlls vkxs
o"kZ 2006 eas çdkf'kr leh{kk fjikVs Z eas ;g dMh+ prs kouh nh xbZ Fkh fd tyok;q ifjorZu 21oha lnh ds vra rd] oSf'od ldy ?kjys w mRikn eas 20% rd fxjkoV dk dkj.k cu ldrk gSA ikuh ,oa Hkkts u dh deh] jkxs kas vkSj i;kZoj.k {kj.k ds ek/;e ls tyok;q ifjorZu] oSf'od Lrj ij yk[kk-as djkMs k+ as ykxs kas dks çHkkfor dj ldrk gSA 2006 eas dkcZu mRltZu 8 vjc Vu@o"kZ rd igpaq x;k] tks i`Foh ds bfrgkl eas vc rd dk lcls vf/kd mRltZu FkkA vkdZfVd dh cQZ] 1979 ds ckn] 2012 eas vius lcls fupys Lrj ij igpaq xbZ FkhA 2013 eas CO2 dh vkSlr lkUærk ebZ 2020 eas 417-6 ihih,e dks ikj dj xbZ FkhA
tyok;q ifjoruZ ds çHkko
tyok;q ifjorZu ds fofHkUu çHkko gks ldrs g]Sa tSls fd nqfu;k ds vf/kdk'a k fgLlkas eas vkSlr rkieku vius mPpre Lrj ij gkxs kA yfsdu] dqN {k=s ,ls s gkxas s tks fujra j lnZ gkrs s pys tk,xa s rks dqN {k=s 'kq"d gks tk,xa ]s tcfd dqN vU; lkekU; ls vf/kd] ckfj'k ;k cQZ ls çHkkfor gks ldrs gASa rQw ku] l[w kk vkSj ck<+ ckj-ckj vkus yxxas As fdl {k=s eas D;k gkus s tk jgk gS] bl ckr dk vuqeku yxkuk gh vc gekjs fy, ,d cMh+ pqukSrh cu xbZ gSA Hkkjrh; 'kgjkas eas xehZ dk Lrj fnu-çfr-fnu T;knk xeZ vkSj vf/kd vknZz gkrs k tk jgk gS] tSlk fd 283 ekSle dæas kas ij 1951 vkSj 2010 ds chp ,d= fd, x, vkda Mk+ as ls lda rs feyrk gSA Hkkjrh;kas dks xe-Z ygjkas ;kuh ywdsvf/kdkf/kdçdkisdklkeukdjukiM+ ldrk gS vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd xfeZ;kas eas 0-5 fMxzh
tyok;q ifjorZu dk lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd çHkko [Source: Iberdrola]
lfs Yl;l rkieku dh o`f) rd ls xehZ ls gkus s okyh ekSrkas eas Hkh dkQh c<k+ rs jh gks ldrh gSA
;fnegklkxjxeZgkrssjgxassrksikuhdh ek=k dk foLrkj gkxs kA ;gh ugha fge vkSj cQZ ds rts h ls fi?kyus ls bl ikuh eas vkSj rts h ls o`f) gkrs h pyh tk,xhA vra r% bldk ifj.kke ;g gkxs k fd leqæ ds ty-Lrj eas crs gk'kk o`f) gkxs h] ftlls rVh; {k=s kas vkSj }hikas ds fy, lh/kk [krjk iSnk gks tk,xk] tks yk[kkas ykxs kas dks xgjs rjhds ls çHkkfor djxs kA 1901 ls 2010 ds chp vkSlr oSf'od leqæh ty-Lrj eas 1-7 feeh@o"kZ dh o`f) gqbZ Fkh] tcfd 1971 vkSj 2010 ds chp ;g 2-0 feeh@o"kZ Fkh rFkk 1993 vkSj 2021 ds nkSjku ;g o`f) c<d+ j 2-8 rFkk 3-5 feeh@o"kZ ds chp igq¡p xbZA ,ls s gh ,d [krjs dk lda rs 2017 eas geas rc feyk Fkk] tc ,d [kjc ehfVad Vu ls vf/kd dk fge dk ,d cMk+ igkM]+ vVa kdZfVd çk;}hi ls VVw dj vyx gks x;k FkkA vuqeku rks ;g Hkh gS fd vVa kdZfVd vkbl 'kYs Q dk yxHkx ,d frgkbZ Hkkx /kjrh dsxeZgkus sdslkFkgh<gldrkgSA,ls kgkus s ij muds fi?kyus ls egklkxjkas eas ikuh c<xs+ k vkSj leqæ ds ty-Lrj eas vf/kdkf/kd o`f) gk s tk,xhA Hkfo";ok.kh rks ;g Hkh dh xbZ gS fd 21oha lnh ds vra rd rVj[s kkvkas ds 70% dks çHkkfor djrs gq, egklkxjh; {k=s eas 95% ls vf/kd dh o`f) gks ldrh gSA
Hkkjrh; rVkas ds fdukjs leqæh Lrj eas o`f) igys ls gh fn[kkbZ ns jgh gSA vuqekfur o`f) 1-06 ls 1-75 feeh çfr o"kZ ds chp gS vkSj cxa ky rV vf/kdre ntZ dj jgk gSA dPN dh [kkMh+ eas ;g o`f) 0-4 ls 2 feeh ds chp gSA vcrd lnaq jou dh yxHkx 10]000 fdykes hVj dh foLr`r rVHkfw e ds tyeXu gkus s vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh ç.kkfy;kas ds fouk'k dks ntZ fd;k tk pqdk gSA pUs ubZ] dkys dkrk vkSj ecaq bZ ds fupys bykdkas eas rts h
ls dVko fn[k jgk gS] ftlls çoky fHkfÙk;kas vkSj vknzZHkfw e;kas dks uqdlku igpaq jgk gSA vkfs M'kk eas leqæh rV ds djhc ds [krs {kfjr vkSj tyeXu gks x, gSaA
—f"k ij çHkko
,d oä ds ckn] tyok;q ifjorZu dh otg ls Qlykas dks muds eyw {k=s kas eas Hkh mxkuk eqf'dy gks tk,xk] D;kfas d fHkUu-fHkUu Qlykas ds fy, o"kkZ dh vyx-vyx ek=k,¡ vko';d gkrs h gSA tyok;q ifjorZu ds dkj.k ckfj'k ds Lo#i eas Hkh cnyko gks ldrk gS] ftlls Qly
[kjkc gks ldrh gSA pkoy ,oa xgs aw dk nlw jk lcls cMk+ mRiknd n's k Hkkjr lcls T;knk çHkkfor gkxs kA 2 ls 4 fMxzh lfs Yl;l ds chp dh o`f) pkoy dh mit eas dkQh deh yk ldrh gSA vra jkZ"Vah; pkoy vuql/a kku lLa Fkku us rkieku eas gkus s okys gj 1 fMxzh lfs Yl;l dh o`f) ls yxHkx 20% mit eas deh dh Hkfo";ok.kh dh gSA blh rjg] yxHkx 2 fMxzh lfs Yl;l dh o`f) vf/kdk'a k LFkkukas ij xgs aw dh iSnkokj dks Hkh de dj ldrh gSA Hkkjr ds dqy vukt mRiknu e]as xgs aw dk ;kxs nku 35% ls vf/kd gSA ,ls h fLFkfr eas tyok;q ifjorZu bl lnh ds vra rd mRiknu eas 10-40% rd dh deh dj ldrk gSA czkthy] phu] vÝhdk ds dqN fgLlkas vkSj nf{k.k-iow Z ,f'k;k eas Hkh ,ls s gh lda V dh vk'kda k gSA ifj.kker% nqfu;k ds le{k Hkkts u dh Hkkjh deh mRiUu gks tk,xhA
ckfj'k dh ,ls h folxa fr Hkkjh rckgh epk ldrh gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ebZ 2017 ds nkSjku Jhyda k eas gqbZ Hkkjh ckfj'k us de ls de 100 ykxs kas dh tku ys yh FkhA dqN txgkas ij rks egt 24 ?kVa s eas gh ijw s lkyHkj dh vuqekfur ckfj'kHkhgqbZFkhA,lshfolxafr;kasdsdkj.k vkus okyh ck<+ vkSj HkLw [kyu ls Hkh Hkkjh uqdlku gqvkA Hkkjr dk mÙkjk[kMa bldk ,d thrk- tkxrk çek.k gS] tgka fu;fer :i l]s vpkud ck<+ dk vk tkuk ogk¡ ds tuthou dks cqjh rjg çHkkfor djrk jgk gSA cnyrh tyok;q ds dkj.k vpkud vkbZ ck<+ ls mRiUu gqbZ leL;k vkSj Hkh vf/kd rhoz ;k xHa khj ;k nkus kas dk feyktqyk :i gks ldrh gSA
M‚ ,e , gd] vaxzsth] fganh vkSj mnwZ ds yksdfç; foKku ys[kd gSaA i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=ky; ls funs'kd 1⁄4oSKkfud1⁄2 in ls lsokfuo`Ùk gSaA
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