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intracelularfrezingocured.Itisnotedthat，inthecase thatthecolingrateis10oC/min01' 100oC/min，ittok lminite fo1' capturing f1uo1'escence images in each
measurementatinte1'valof40C.
TheDiferenceinFluorescenceIntensityRatioImaging duetoCoolingRate
Figures7to9showthechangeoff1uo1'escenceintensity 1'atioimagesinthep1'ocesofcolingthetube1' tisuesof Je1'usalem a1'tichoke at each coling 1'ate. As for these images，tempe1'atu1'eis20oC，80C，OOC・，80C，respectively. Inthesef1uo1'escenceintensity1'atioimages，the1'edcolo1' meansalkaline，thebluecolo1' doesacidityandyelowish grendoesneut1'al，1'espectively.Ineithe1'coling1'ate，most oftheareaofimagesat1'oomtempe1'ature(befo1'ecoling) ocupies1'edishcolo1'. Figu1'e7showsthechangeof f1uorescence intensity 1'atio images in the case of co oling rateofIOC/min.Theblueareaextendsg1'adualywiththe lowe1'ingoftemperatureandocupiesalmostareaatthestage of品。 C.Thisresu1tsugeststhatpHiinatisuedecreases andfinalyacidifieswiththeloweringoftempe1'atu1'e.
Figu1'e8showsthecaseofthecoling1'ateof10oC/min. Comparedwithfigure7，evenifthetempera加1'elowers，the extending1'ateoftheblueareaisslower.Fo1'example，inthe
caseofcoling1'ateof10oC/min，theblueareaat 80Cisles
司
thaninthecaseoflOC/min.Rather，theyelowishgrena1'ea ocupiedmuch(seeFigu1'e8(d).
Figure9showsthecaseofcolingrateof10oC/min.In thiscase，evenifthetemperaturelowe1'sto・80C，thebluea1'ea doesnotapearalmostandtheyelowishgrena1'eaapears slightly(seFigu1'e9(d).Fromtheabove1'esults，itissen that the lower co oling rate p1'omoted the m o1'e extensive acidificationarea
TheDiferenceinpHi-ChangeduetoCoolingRate Figu1'e10showsthechangeofpHi-valueinthecaseof
eachcolingrate，calculatedfromthesameprocedure出 h thepHcalib1'ation.He1'e，・ isatIOC/min，・ isat10oC/min， andA isat100oC/min.
T h e p H i - v a l u e is t h e a v e r a g e v a l u e o f m o 1' e t h a n f o u r experimentsatleas.tFurthe1'mo1'e，fo1' 1'efe1'ence，theresults thatMu1'ai& Yoshida1'eportedinthecaseofcoling1'ateof 0.250C/min(4)areplotedinFigu1'e10.Murai& Yoshida's 1'esultsusedJerusalemartichokehavingfrezingtolerance. Inthecomparisonofthis1'esearchwithMurai& Yoshida's， itissenthatalthoughthe1'eistheslightdiferencebetween the both results，the both results change in the simila1' tendencyinspiteoftheexistenceofconditiondife1'ence.
ThepHi-valuebefo1'ecolingshowsabout8.0inthecase ofanycolingrate.InthecaseofcolingrateoflOC/min， pHidecreaseswiththeloweringoftempe1'atu1'eandreaches 7.0 at 40C. After that，it decreases more and leads to acidification.Theotherhand，inthecaseofcolingrate
1000C/min，pHi-valuedropsslowlyand1'eaches7.7at・40C. Itisnotedthatcolingdoesnotcausethelowe1'ingofpHi. Inthecaseofcoling1'ateof10oC/min，pHi-valuechanges showing the inte1'mediate value between the case of lOC/minandthatof10oC/min.
Onthebasisthatitisdificultforthehighe1' coling rate tocause thedecreaseintheloweringofpHトvalue，we
(c)T=OOC Figu1'e7.Fluo1'escenceintensiザ1'atioimages
atVc=1oC/min.
The251hJnternationalミymposiumonTran司portPhenomena 5-7November2014，Krabi，Thailand
(c)T=OOC Figure8.Fluorescenceintensityratioimages
atVc=lOoC/min.
(c)T=OOC
(d)T=ー80C
Figure9.Fluorescenceintensityratioimages atVc=100oC/min.
(d)T=-80C
(d)T=-80C