Page 21 - Eye of the beholder

the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the exoticism exoticism of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India India India India India India India India India India India India India India and and and and and and and and and and in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in this this this this this this this scholars scholars The The The The The The discovery of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of this this this this this this this painting
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The The The The The The The first steps towards the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the process process documented documented everyday everyday life life as as as as as as as as as as as as as by by Eduard Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel therefore therefore sheds sheds sheds new
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In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the ensuing battle for for for for for commercial commercial ruins ruins or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or royal royal palaces palaces However However the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the historical historical historical historical historical historical importance importance of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Eduard Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel development in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in Europe Europe Europe Europe and and and and and and and and and and and and and and the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the falling falling of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India’s India’s history history but but also also also also because because Though Though his his his his his his his his his his his exact date of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of birth is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is not not not fortunes of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Mughal Mughal Mughal dynouasttiyn bthyethbeackdrotpheoyf itnhfelupeonlicteicdalocal Indiafonradrtoicsutsmaenndting akvneorwynim FproanrtzaEndt upardt Sunkel Sunkel seems to to to to to to to to to to to to to and and and and and and a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a concomitant decrease in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in Mughals in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 16th century century century Throughout Prussian Prussian Prussian Academy Academy Academy of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Arts Arts (Preußische
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third quarter quarter of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 18th 18th century century century the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the initiated initiated the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the beginning beginning of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of modern modern Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian have have been been fairly fairly active in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Berlin art art art art art art art art art art art art Dec'11-Jan'12
contribution of of of of of of of of of western art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to colonial colonial colonial fortunes fortunes and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to eke eke out out out out a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a career career artists artists artists artists artists artists Extant Extant literature literature points points to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the students or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or apprentices apprentices initiating initiating them them them as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the United United States States of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of America America and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and was was was among among among the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the innermost circle of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of them them them eventually took on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on local local local artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 19th 19th century century century century artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists from from from from from from from from as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as far far far far the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the socio-cultural socio-cultural movements movements of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the day day into into into into the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the medium medium of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil oil oil painting
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This This This This led led Australia Australia also also also also came came came to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to India India India India India India India India India India Irrespective Irrespective the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the devotees devotees of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the nineteenth century century century students or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or apprentices initiating initiating them them them as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the United United States States of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of America America and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and was was was was among among among among the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the innermost innermost circle circle of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the emergence emergence of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first first generation generation of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of whether whether they they were were were driven driven by by by by a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a Hindu Hindu religious religious figure by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the name of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of into into the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the medium of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil oil painting
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This This This led led Australia Australia also also also came came came to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to India India India India India India India India Irrespective Irrespective the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the devotees devotees of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the nineteenth nineteenth century century century century of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of indigenously trained trained Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian oil oil oil oil oil passion passion for for for for for for for for adventure adventure a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 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Hindu religious religious figure figure by by by by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the name name of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of painters painters painters This This This This aspect aspect of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the importance importance penchant penchant for for for for for for for for money money or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the compulsion compulsion photographer photographer by by by by by most most accounts he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he was was was of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of indigenously trained Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian oil oil oil oil oil oil passion passion for for for for for for for adventure adventure a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a zest zest for for for for for for for life life a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 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importance penchant penchant for for for for for for for money money or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the compulsion compulsion photographer photographer by by by by by by by by most most most most accounts accounts he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he was was was was art art art art art art art art art art art art art has unfortunately unfortunately not not not not received received could could be be be grouped grouped under under the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the collective collective collective collective in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the region region around Calcutta Though of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the itinerant itinerant itinerant colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists artists artists to to to to to to to to to to to Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 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enough scholarly scholarly scholarly attention attention attention With With the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the epithet epithet of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of ‘Itinerant ‘Itinerant Colonial Colonial Artists’ Artists’ none none of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of his his his his own own own works works works are are presently
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little is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is known known about about the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the contribution contribution of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a period period of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of slightly slightly less less than than 200 200 years years most most prominent prominent among among among whom was was was J J P P P Jensen who who who who who mentored mentored mentored Raja Raja Raja Ravi Ravi Ravi Varma Varma Varma itinerant itinerant itinerant colonial colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists artists artists artists is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is spread spread over over over generation generation of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Indian Indian Indian Indian oil oil oil oil oil painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the other colonial colonial colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists to to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the emergence emergence Starting Starting from from Tilly Tilly Kettle Kettle who who who who who came came Gangooly Gangooly The The The The The The pre-art school painters painters painters painters painters painters painters little is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is known known about the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the contribution contribution of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a period period of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of slightly slightly less less than than 200 200 years years most most prominent prominent among among among whom whom was was was was was J J J P P P P P P of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil painting
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in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India India India Among Among the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the to to to to to to to to to to India India India India India India India India India India India in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in 1769 1769 and and and and and and and was was was was the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first first of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of have have not not not not not not yet received received the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the scholarly scholarly scholarly other colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists artists artists to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the emergence emergence Starting Starting from from Tilly Tilly Kettle Kettle who who who who who came came Gangooly Gangooly The The The The The The pre-art pre-art school school painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters earliest Indian Indian Indian oil oil oil oil oil painters painters painters painters painters painters painters the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the names names of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of this this this this genre genre of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the last last body body of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of attention attention attention that that that that that is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is usually lavished on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil painting
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in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India India Among Among the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the to to to to to to to to India India India India India India India India India India in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in 1769 1769 and and and and and and and and was was was was was was was the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first first first of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of have have have not not not not yet yet received received the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the scholarly scholarly scholarly Raja Raja Raja Ravi Ravi Ravi Ravi Varma Varma Varma Varma and and and and and and and and and and his his his his his his his his his contemporary contemporary works works produced produced produced in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 1940s 1940s (when (when company company painters painters painters painters painters painters painters Research done by by earliest Indian Indian oil oil oil oil painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the names names of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of this this this this this genre genre of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of artists artists artists artists artists artists to to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the last last body body of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of attention attention that that that that that that that that is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is usually usually lavished lavished on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on Ramaswamy Naidu Naidu stand stand out out out out out out While While India India India India India India India India India India India India ceased ceased being being a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a colony) colony) this this this this this this genera genera genera Prof Prof Partha Partha Mitter for for the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first first first time
Raja Raja Ravi Ravi Varma Varma and and and and and and and and and and and his his his his his his his his his his his contemporary contemporary works works produced produced in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 1940s 1940s (when (when company company painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters painters Research Research done done by by both these these two two artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists were were practicing practicing of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of paintings paintings paintings paintings consists consists of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of innumerable innumerable indicated indicated that that that that that that that that Gangadhar Dey was was was was the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Ramaswamy Naidu stand out out out out out While While India India India India India India India India India India India ceased ceased being being a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a colony) colony) this this this this this this this this genera genera Prof Prof Partha Partha Mitter Mitter for for for for for the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first first first first first time
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in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in southern India India India India India India India India India India India India India India not not not not much much is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is known known known paintings paintings paintings paintings and and and and and and and and and and and and and and sketches sketches that that that that that that that that captured captured the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the student student of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a German itinerant artist artist artist artist artist artist artist both these two artists artists artists artists artists artists were were practicing practicing of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of paintings paintings paintings paintings consists consists of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of innumerable innumerable indicated indicated that that that that that that that that that that Gangadhar Gangadhar Dey Dey was was was was was the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the about the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the early early oil oil oil oil oil oil oil painters painters painters painters painters painters in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in Eastern Eastern history history and and and and and and and and and and and and and and social social evolution evolution of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India India India India India India India India India India India India India over over over over called called Franz Franz Eduard Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel This would
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have have have implied implied that that that that that that that that that Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel was was was one one one of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the about about the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the early oil oil oil oil oil painters painters painters painters in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in Eastern Eastern history history and and and and and and and and and and and and social social evolution evolution of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India India India India India India India India India India India India over over over called called Franz Franz Eduard Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel This This would
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have have implied implied that that that that that that that that Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel was was was was was one one one one one of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the discovery discovery of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a painting
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by by Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel has has been been the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the subject subject of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a lot lot of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of scholastic scholastic for for for for the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the origin origin and and and and and and and and and and and propagation of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil oil Kolkata It is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in this this this this this this this this context context that that that that that that that the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the historical historical significance significance Though Though this this this this this this this this field field first first first western western artists artists artists artists artists to to to to to to to be be be be be responsible
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in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India India India India India and and and and and and and and and and and particularly in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in discovery discovery discovery of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a painting
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by by Eduard Eduard Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel has has been been the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the subject subject of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a lot lot of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of scholastic scholastic for for for for for the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the origin origin and and and and and and and and and and and and propagation propagation of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil oil the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the emergence emergence emergence of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil oil oil painting
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in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in northern northern one one one of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the most most neglected neglected areas areas in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the eastern eastern India India India India India India India India India India India India India India Sadly Sadly however no no no no no no no further
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in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India and and and and and and and and and and and and and particularly particularly in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India present present present present Indian Indian Indian art art art art art art art art art market market details details about about about Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel were known known nor nor nor the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the emergence emergence emergence of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil oil oil oil painting
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in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in northern northern one one one of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the most most neglected neglected areas areas in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the eastern eastern eastern India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India Sadly Sadly however however no no no no no no no no further
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ITIneranT colonIal colonIal colonIal arTIsTs arTIsTs and and and and and and and and and and and and and and The The The The The The colonial colonial artists artists artists artists painted painted was was any any example example of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of his his his his his his his his his his his his his his his his work work work available to to to to to to to to to to to India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India present present present Indian Indian Indian Indian art art art art art art art art art art art art market market details details about about Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel were were known known nor nor nor nor ITIneranT colonIal colonIal arTIsTs arTIsTs and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and The The The The The The The colonial colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists painted painted was was any any example example of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of his his his his his his his his his his his his his his his his work work work work available available to to to to to to to to to to to to The The The The The The The first first first steps steps towards towards the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the process process documented documented everyday everyday life life as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as by by by by Eduard Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel therefore sheds sheds sheds new
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the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the exoticism exoticism of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in this this this this this scholars scholars The The The The The The The discovery discovery discovery of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of this this this this this painting
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colonization of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India had had started started with with well well as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as important important important important historical historical historical historical historical historical events events light light light light on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the emergence emergence emergence of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil painting
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the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the establishment establishment of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the trading trading posts posts Their Their paintings paintings also also also also depicted depicted Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in general and and and and and and and and and and and and and and eastern eastern India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India colonization of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India had started started with with well well as as as as as as as as as as as as as important important important important important historical historical historical historical historical historical events events light light light light on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the emergence emergence emergence of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of oil oil oil painting
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the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the establishment of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the trading trading posts posts Their Their paintings paintings also also also also depicted depicted Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in general general and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and eastern eastern India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India India In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the ensuing ensuing battle battle for for for for commercial commercial ruins ruins or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or or royal royal palaces palaces However However the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the historical historical historical historical historical historical importance importance of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Eduard Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the British French and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Danish Danish topography topography and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and landmarks landmarks like like historical historical historical historical historical historical in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in particular particular and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and highlights highlights the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the art-
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financial and and and and and and and and and and and and and and political political political supremacy supremacy played played colonial colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists are are important important important important important not not not only only as as as as as as as as as as as as an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an itinerant itinerant colonial colonial colonial colonial Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian painter in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the backdrop of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the political political political political for for for for for documenting a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a very important important important important part financial and and and and and and and and and and and and and and political political political political supremacy supremacy played played colonial colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists are are are important important important important not not not not only only as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an itinerant itinerant colonial colonial colonial colonial Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian painter painter development in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in Europe Europe Europe and and and and and and and and and and the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the falling falling of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of India’s India’s history history but but also also also because because Though Though his his his his his his his his his his his exact exact date date of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of birth birth is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is is not not not not fortunes of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Mughal Mughal Mughal dynasty by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the they influenced local local Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian artists artists artists and and and and and and and and and and known Franz Eduard Eduard Sunkel Sunkel Sunkel seems seems to to to to to to to to to to to British British (represented (represented by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the East East India India India India India India India India India India India art art art art art art art art art art art art as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as we we we we we we know know know it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it today today European European art art art art art art art art art art art art scene scene from from 1844 1844 onwards till his his his his his his his his his death third quarter of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 18th century century century the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the initiated initiated the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the beginning beginning of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of modern modern Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian have have been been fairly fairly active active in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Berlin Berlin art art art art art art art art art art Company) were were a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a quasi quasi political political political political political political force force had had made made its its its first first impact impact on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on traditional traditional traditional with with with with at at at at at at at at at least least one unexplained break
British (represented by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the East East India India India India India India India India India India India art art art art art art art art art art art as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as we we we we we know know know it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it today today European European European art art art art art art art art art art art scene scene from from 1844 1844 onwards onwards till till his his his his his his his his death death to to to to to to to reckon with with with with With With With increasing increasing political political political political political Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian painting
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during during the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the age age age of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in his his his his his his career career He was was was was was a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a member of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Company) were a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a quasi political political political political force force had had made made its its its its its first first impact impact on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on traditional traditional traditional traditional with with with at at at at at at at at at at at least least one one unexplained unexplained break
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art&deal Dec'11-Jan'12
The The orIgIn orIgIn of of of of of of of of of of oIl oIl oIl paInTIng paInTIng paInTIng In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In often often embellished embellished and and and and and and and and and and and overrated overrated As As a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a franZ franZ edUard edUard sUnKel and and and and and and and and and and and The The India India India India India took took place place in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the late late 18th 18th 18th century century century result result in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in part part to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to live live and and and and and and and and and and and paint paint paint paint paint the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Indian Indian Indian emergence emergence of of of of of of of of of oIl oIl oIl paInTIng paInTIng paInTIng In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In and and and and and and and and and was was was was was by by by by far far the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the most most important important exoticism exoticism and and and and and and and and and more more generally generally to to to to to to to to to to to to to seek IndIa India India India India India India India took place in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the late late 18th 18th 18th 18th century century century century result result in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in part part to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to live live and and and and and and and and and and and and and and paint paint paint paint paint the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Indian Indian Indian emergence emergence of of of of of of of of of of oIl oIl oIl paInTIng paInTIng paInTIng paInTIng In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In contribution of of of of of of of of of of western western art art art art art art art art art art art art art art to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to colonial colonial colonial fortunes fortunes and and and and and and and and and and and and to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to eke eke out out out a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a career career artists artists artists artists artists Extant Extant literature points to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 019 The The The orIgIn of of of of of of of of of of oIl oIl oIl paInTIng paInTIng paInTIng paInTIng In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In In often often embellished embellished and and and and and and and and and and and and and overrated overrated As As a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a franZ franZ edUard edUard sUnKel sUnKel and and and and and and and and and and and and and The The The and and and and and and and and and and and and was was was was by by by far the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the most important important exoticism exoticism and and and and and and and and and and and and more more generally generally to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to seek seek IndIa IndIa Indian Indian Indian art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art Oil Oil painting
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was was was was was was introduced introduced from from from from from from Britain Britain gradually gradually gradually began began to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to trickle trickle trickle existence existence of of of of of of of of of of an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an early oil painter called in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India for for for for for for for for the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first first first time
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by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the itinerant itinerant itinerant into into into India India India India India India India India starting starting from from from from from from from the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the latter latter half half of of of of of of of of of of Gangadhar Gangadhar Dey Dey He worked and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and belonged
Indian Indian Indian Indian art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art Oil painting
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was was was was introduced introduced from from from from from from from from from from Britain Britain Britain gradually gradually gradually gradually began began to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to trickle trickle trickle trickle existence existence of of of of of of of an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an early early oil oil oil painter painter called called colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first first first well well known known the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 18th 18th 18th 18th century century century century to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the period period before before before the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the government art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in India India India India India India India India India for for for for for for for for for the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first time
by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the itinerant itinerant itinerant itinerant into into into into India India India India India India India India India starting starting from from from from from from from from from from from the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the latter latter half half of of of of of of Gangadhar Gangadhar Gangadhar Dey Dey Dey He He worked worked and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and belonged
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among whom whom was was was was was was Tilly Tilly Kettle Kettle (1735 (1735 – – – – Over Over the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the next
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80 80 – – – – 100 100 years years this this schools schools had had had had asserted their their influence colonial colonial colonial artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the first first well well known known the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 18th 18th 18th century century century to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the period period before before before before the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the government government art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art art 1786) These These artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists initially initially started started started started out out out out trickle trickle trickle trickle gradually gradually gradually gradually transformed transformed itself itself and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and had had had had also also also also received training from from from from from from from from from from from among whom was was was was Tilly Kettle Kettle (1735 (1735 – – – – Over Over the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the next
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80 80 – – – – 100 100 years years this this schools schools had had had had asserted asserted their their their their influence influence by by by by working on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on commissions commissions from from from from from from from from from from from from local local local into into into into into a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a steady steady steady steady stream- stream- and and and and and and and and and and and and and and the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists other other European European itinerant itinerant itinerant artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists before before 1786) These artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists initially initially started started started started out out out trickle trickle trickle gradually gradually gradually transformed transformed itself itself and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and had had had had also also also also received received training training from from from from from from from from from from from from rulers and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the nobility nobility As As oil oil paintings paintings coming coming to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to India India India India India India India India India India were were no no no no no no longer longer from from from from from from from from from from from he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he started started started started on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on his his his own own own as as as as as as as as as as as as as as an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and by by working on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on commissions commissions from from from from from from from from from from from from local local local local into into into into a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a steady steady steady steady stream- stream- and and and and and and and and and and and and and and the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists other other European European itinerant itinerant itinerant artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists before before before before became popular popular with with with Indians Indians a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a steady steady steady steady Britain Britain Britain only only but but also also also also from from from from from from from from from from from countries countries restorer restorer Gangadhar Gangadhar Dey seems to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to rulers and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the nobility As oil oil paintings paintings coming coming to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to India India India India India India India India were were were no no no no longer longer from from from from from from from from from from from he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he he started started started started on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on his his his his his own own own as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist artist and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and stream stream stream of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of western western artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists found found their their their in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in mainland mainland Europe Europe Europe Europe going going as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as far far far far as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as have have been been an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an important person in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the became popular with with with Indians Indians a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a steady steady steady steady Britain Britain only only but but also also also also also also from from from from from from from from from from from countries countries restorer restorer Gangadhar Gangadhar Dey Dey seems seems to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to way into into into into into India India India India India India India India India to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to earn earn a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a living living Many Many of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Scandinavia Scandinavia Indeed Indeed towards towards the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the end end contemporary contemporary society associated with with with stream stream stream of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of western artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists found found their their their in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in mainland mainland Europe Europe Europe Europe going going as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as far far far far as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as have have been been an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an important important person person in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the them them them eventually eventually took took on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on local local local local artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the 19th 19th century century century artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists artists from from from from from from from from from as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as as far far far far the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the socio-cultural socio-cultural movements of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the day way into into into India India India India India India India India India India to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to earn a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a living living Many Many of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Scandinavia Scandinavia Indeed Indeed towards towards the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the end end contemporary contemporary society society associated associated with with with existential worries worries of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of empire empire building building the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Mughal Mughal Mughal Mughal period period however however the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the appeal appeal of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Akademie Akademie Akademie Akademie der der der der der der der Künste) Künste) and and and and and and and exhibited
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there was was was was was was was was an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an increase in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in emphasis European European European European European art art art art art art art art art art remained primarily exotic regularly in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in its its its its its its annual exhibitions The fanned by by by by by a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a section of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of noveau-rich noveau-rich sources sources of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of patronage patronage and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and its its its its its its replacement replacement Akademie Akademie Akademie Akademie der der der der der der Künste) Künste) Künste) Künste) was was was was was was was was was was an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an art art art art art art art art art art on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on cultural pursuits pursuits which which was was was was was was also also in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in nature nature With With With With the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the decline decline of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of traditional traditional traditional traditional Prussian Prussian Prussian Academy Academy Academy of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Arts Arts (Preußische
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Indians who who owed owed their their emergence emergence by by by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the East East India India India India India India India India Company Company Company the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the European European European European school school set set up up in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in Berlin in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in 1694/1696 by by by by by by With With With the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the consolidation consolidation of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the British British British British ingrained ingrained and and and and and and and and and and and institutionalized institutionalized However However of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Brandenburg Brandenburg and and and and and and and and and and and later King of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia to to to to to reckon with with with With With With increasing increasing political political political political Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian painting
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during during the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the age age age age of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in his his his his his his career career He He was was was was was was was a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a member member of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the existential worries of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of empire empire building building the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Mughal Mughal Mughal period period however however the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the appeal appeal of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Akademie Akademie Akademie Akademie der der der der der der der Künste) Künste) Künste) Künste) and and and and and and and and and and and exhibited
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fanned by by by by by by a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a section section of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of noveau-rich noveau-rich sources sources of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of patronage patronage and and and and and and and and and and and and and its its its its its replacement replacement Akademie Akademie Akademie Akademie der der der der Künste) Künste) was was was was was was was an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an art art art art art art art art art on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on cultural pursuits which which was was was was was was was was also also in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in nature nature With With With With the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the decline decline of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of traditional traditional traditional Prussian Prussian Prussian Academy Academy Academy of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Arts Arts Arts Arts (Preußische
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and and and and and and and and and and and and sustenance sustenance to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the British British British British regime regime influence influence influence influence on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian art art art art art art art art became became more more Frederick Frederick I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the crown prince
Indians who owed their emergence emergence by by by by by by the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the East East India India India India India India India Company Company the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the European European European European European school school set set up up in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in Berlin Berlin in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in 1694/1696 1694/1696 by by by by by by with and and and and and and and and and and and and and sustenance sustenance to to to to to the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the British British British British regime regime influence influence influence influence influence on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian art art art art art art art art art art became became more more Frederick Frederick I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the crown crown prince
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that that that that that India India India India India India India India India offered offered – – an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an exoticism exoticism exoticism that that that that that was was was was was was traditions traditions academy academy dropped dropped 'Prussian' from its its word of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the economic and and and and and and and and and and political all of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of this early Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian art art art art art art art art influenced by by by by by by It had a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a decisive influence influence influence influence on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on art art art art art art art art and and and and and and and and and and its its its its its its its With With the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the consolidation of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the British British British British ingrained ingrained and and and and and and and and and and and and institutionalized institutionalized However However of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Brandenburg Brandenburg and and and and and and and and and and and and later later King King of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia Prussia importance of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian colony colony soon soon European European European European European art art art art art art art art was was was was was was was was was invariably invariably executed executed development development in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the German-speaking
spread Added Added to to to to to that that that that that wasrtuhle ewxotridciosfmthe eocnonpoampeirc akneedppinolgitiincaslync awllitohf etharisliear rly rly IndwiaonrladrthinroflugehnocuetdibtsyexistIetnhcaed Tahdeecisive influence influence influence influence influence on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on art art art art art art art art and and and and and and and and and and and its its its its its its its importance of of of of of of of of of of of of of the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian colony colony soon soon European European European art art art art art art art art was was was was was was was invariably invariably executed executed development development in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in the the the the the the the the the the the the the the German-speaking
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spread Added to to to that that that that was was was was was was the the the the the the the the the the the the the exoticism exoticism exoticism on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on paper keeping in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in sync with earlier world throughout its its its its existence The that that that that India India India India offered – an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an exoticism exoticism exoticism that that that that was was was was was was traditions traditions academy academy dropped dropped 'Prussian' 'Prussian' from from its its its its 15
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