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CHAPTER
6
Conditioning of Saline Water
6.1 Introduction 114
6.2 Coagulation 114
6.2.1 Types of Coagulation Chemicals
and Feed Systems 115
6.2.2 Planning and Design
Considerations 119
6.2.3 Design Example 120
6.2.3.1 In-line Static Mixer 120 6.2.3.2 Coagulation Chamber
With Flash Mixers 121
6.3 Flocculation 121
6.3.1 Types of Flocculation Chemicals
and Feed Systems 122
6.3.2 Planning and Design
Considerations 122 6.3.2.1 Key Design Criteria 123
6.3.3 Design Example 123
6.4 Addition of Scale Inhibitors 123
6.4.1 Acids 126 6.4.2 Other Scale Inhibitors 127
6.5 Addition of Sodium Hydroxide 128
6.6 Addition of Biocides 129
6.7 6.8
6.6.1 Sodium Hypochlorite 129 6.6.2 Chlorine Dioxide 130 6.6.3 Chloramines 131 6.6.4 Nonoxidizing Biocides 131
Addition of Reducing Compounds 131
Planning and Design
Considerations for Source Water Conditioning 132
6.8.1 6.8.2
Overview of Key Water Conditioning Chemicals 133 Example Calculations 134
6.8.2.1 Chemical Use 134
6.8.2.2 Chemical Storage
Tanks 134
6.8.2.3 Water Dilution Flow 134
6.8.2.4 Chemical Metering
Pumps 135
135
References
OUTLINE
Pretreatment for Reverse Osmosis Desalination
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809953-7.00006-1 113 Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.