Page 74 - E-book-การวิเคราะห์ทัศนศิลป์

3. ¡Òá‹ÍÊÌҧáoo⤌§ (Arch) ¡Òá‹ÍÊÌҧáoo⤌§ÃÑo1éÓË1Ñ¡Ê‹Ç1⤌§ ¤Ò1o1·ÓË1ŒÒ·Õè ÃÑo1éÓË1Ñ¡ ·ÓãËŒa‹Ç§àÊҡnjҧáÅÐÂÒÇ¢Öé1Ê‹Ç1⤌§¨ÐÃÑo1éÓË1Ñ¡ä´ŒÁÒ¡¡Ç‹Òà´ÔÁâÃÁÑ1໚11⁄4ÙŒ¤Ô´¤Œ1 ¡Òá‹ÍÊÌҧáoo1Õé·ÓãËŒâÃÁÑ1ÊÌҧÍÒ¤Òâ1Ò´ãËÞ‹ä´Œ´Õ (ÀÒ3⁄4·Õè 4.15)
ÀÒ3⁄4·èÕ 4.15
â¤àÅà«ÕÂÁ Ê1ÒÁ¡ÕÌÒ¡Åҧᨌ§¢1Ò´ãËÞ‹ ÈÔÅ»ÐâÃÁÑ1 ¡ÃاâÃÁ ÍÔμÒÅÕ
4. ¡Òá‹ÍÊÌҧáooËÅѧ¤Ò⤌§ (Vault) áÅÐËÅѧ¤Òâ´Á (Dome) 1Ñ¡¡‹ÍÊÌҧaÒÇâÃÁÑ1 ä´Œ¤Œ1¤ÇŒÒ·ÓËÅѧ¤Ò⤌§â´ÂãaŒËÅѧ¤Ò⤌§ÊͧÍÑ1μÑé§ãËŒ¢ÇÒ§μÑ´¡Ñ1o1à1é×Í·ÕèÊÕèàËÅÕèÂÁáŌǨÐ䴌Njҧ4´ŒÒ1 áÅÐᢧç áç¡ÇÒ‹ à´ÁÔ ÁÒ¡à3⁄4ÃÒÐÃoÑ 1Óé Ë1¡Ñ ŧ·àèÕ ÊÒ·§éÑ ÊáèÕ ·1¡Óá3⁄4§ àÁÍè× 1ÓÁÒμÍ‹ ¡1Ñ ÂÒÇμÍ‹ à1Íè× §à»1š aÇ‹ §æ ¨Ðà»1š û٠ÍÒ¤Ò÷ÂèÕ ÒÇáÅÐᢧç áç aÒÇâÃÁ1Ñ ¨§Ö ÊÒÁÒöÊÃÒŒ §ÍÒ¤ÒÃä´¢Œ 1Ò´ãËÞ‹ áÅФ´Ô à3⁄4ÁèÔ à»1š â´Á μ‹ÍÁÒÁÕÃٻ⤌§ ¤ÃÖè§Ç§¡ÅÁμÑé§ÍÂÙ‹o1¢Íoǧ¡ÅÁ 1éÓË1Ñ¡¢Í§â´Á¨Ðŧ·Õè⤌§ ¶‹Ò·ʹ1éÓË1ѡŧ·Õè á1⁄4‹1àÊÒ àa‹1 âoʶà«1·»‚àμÍÏ (St.Peter) ã1¡ÃاâÃÁ (ÀÒ3⁄4·èÕ 4.16)
ÀÒ3⁄4·èÕ 4.16 äÁà¤ÔÅ áͧ¨ÔâÅ “ÁËÒÇÔËÒÃà«1·»‚àμÍÏ” ¡ÃاâÃÁ ÍÔμÒÅÕÕ
5.¡Òá͋ÊÃÒŒ§áooâ¤Ã§ÊÃÒŒ§ÃoÑ1ÓË1¡Ñ (SkeletonConstruction)à»1šaÇ‹§ÊÁÂÑ μÍ‹ÁÒ ·äèÕ ´3⁄4Œ 2Ñ 1Ò¡ÒÃãa¤Œ Í1¡ÃμÕ ÁÒà»1š ¤Í1¡ÃμÕ àÊÃÁÔ àËÅ¡ç àa1‹ 1ÒÂäÍà¿Ê (Eiffel)K à·¤1¤Ô 1ÁéÕ ÒËÅÍ‹ °Ò1 ËͤÍÂäÍà¿Ê áÅÐÇÔÈÇ¡ÃaÒÇ1⁄2ÃÑè§àÈÊ 2 ¤1 ¤×Í áÎ1oÕ¤ (Hennebique) áÅСÑÇà¡Œ (Goiguet) ãaÇŒ ¸Ô ¡Õ ÒÃËÅÍ‹ â¤Ã§ÊÃÒŒ §¢Í§ÍÒ¤Òà áÅÐμÍ‹ ÁÒ1ÓÁÒ¡Í‹ ÊÃÒŒ §ÊÐ3⁄4Ò1 ÊÒÁÒöŴ¤ÇÒÁË1ҢͧÊÐ3⁄4Ò1 ·ÓãËÊŒ Ð3⁄4Ò1ʧèÔ ¡Í‹ ÊÃÒŒ §´§Ñ ¡ÅÒ‹ ÇÁ¤Õ 3Ø ¤Ò‹ ·Ò§¤ÇÒÁ§ÒÁáÅÐÁ¤Õ ÇÒÁà»1š Ç¨Ô μÔ ÃÈÅÔ »ÁŠ Ò¡¢1éÖ à·¤1¤Ô ¡ÒÃËÅÍ‹ ¤Í1¡ÃÕμ1ÓÁÒ໚1Ê‹Ç1»ÃСÍoã1¡Òá‹ÍÊÌҧÍÒ¤ÒÃʶһ˜μ¡ÃÃÁÁÒ¡ÁÒÂã1»˜¨¨ØoÑ1 ·ÓãËŒÃÙ»·Ã§ ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ໚1ÍÔÊÃÐ áÅÐÁÕ»ÃÐâÂa1ãaŒÊÍÂÁÒ¡¢Öé1 (ÀÒ3⁄4·Õè 4.17)
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