Page 359 - College Physics For AP Courses
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Chapter 8 | Linear Momentum and Collisions 347
Figure 8.17 The space shuttle had a number of reusable parts. Solid fuel boosters on either side were recovered and refueled after each flight, and the entire orbiter returned to Earth for use in subsequent flights. The large liquid fuel tank was expended. The space shuttle was a complex assemblage of technologies, employing both solid and liquid fuel and pioneering ceramic tiles as reentry heat shields. As a result, it permitted multiple launches as opposed to single-use rockets. (credit: NASA)
Glossary
change in momentum: the difference between the final and initial momentum; the mass times the change in velocity conservation of momentum principle: when the net external force is zero, the total momentum of the system is conserved
or constant
elastic collision: a collision that also conserves internal kinetic energy
impulse: the average net external force times the time it acts; equal to the change in momentum
inelastic collision: a collision in which internal kinetic energy is not conserved
internal kinetic energy: the sum of the kinetic energies of the objects in a system
isolated system: a system in which the net external force is zero
linear momentum: the product of mass and velocity
perfectly inelastic collision: a collision in which the colliding objects stick together
point masses: structureless particles with no rotation or spin
quark: fundamental constituent of matter and an elementary particle
second law of motion: physical law that states that the net external force equals the change in momentum of a system
PhET Explorations: Lunar Lander
Can you avoid the boulder field and land safely, just before your fuel runs out, as Neil Armstrong did in 1969? Our version of this classic video game accurately simulates the real motion of the lunar lander with the correct mass, thrust, fuel consumption rate, and lunar gravity. The real lunar lander is very hard to control.
Figure 8.18 Lunar Lander (http://cnx.org/content/m55174/1.2/lunar-lander_en.jar)
