Page 496 - College Physics For AP Courses

484 Chapter 11 | Fluid Statics
Archimedes' principle: the buoyant force on an object equals the weight of the fluid it displaces buoyant force: the net upward force on any object in any fluid
capillary action: the tendency of a fluid to be raised or lowered in a narrow tube
cohesive forces: the attractive forces between molecules of the same type
contact angle: the angle between the tangent to the liquid surface and the surface
density: the mass per unit volume of a substance or object
diastolic pressure: the minimum blood pressure in the artery
diastolic pressure: minimum arterial blood pressure; indicator for the fluid balance
fluids: liquids and gases; a fluid is a state of matter that yields to shearing forces
gauge pressure: the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure
glaucoma: condition caused by the buildup of fluid pressure in the eye
intraocular pressure: fluid pressure in the eye
micturition reflex: stimulates the feeling of needing to urinate, triggered by bladder pressure
Pascal's Principle: a change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and to the walls of its container
pressure: the force per unit area perpendicular to the force, over which the force acts
pressure: the weight of the fluid divided by the area supporting it
specific gravity: the ratio of the density of an object to a fluid (usually water)
surface tension: the cohesive forces between molecules which cause the surface of a liquid to contract to the smallest possible surface area
systolic pressure: the maximum blood pressure in the artery
systolic pressure: maximum arterial blood pressure; indicator for the blood flow
Section Summary
11.1 What Is a Fluid?
• A fluid is a state of matter that yields to sideways or shearing forces. Liquids and gases are both fluids. Fluid statics is the physics of stationary fluids.
11.2 Density
• Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance or object. In equation form, density is defined as
• The SI unit of density is . 11.3 Pressure

• Pressure is the force per unit perpendicular area over which the force is applied. In equation form, pressure is defined as

• The SI unit of pressure is pascal and .
11.4 Variation of Pressure with Depth in a Fluid
• Pressure is the weight of the fluid divided by the area supporting it (the area of the bottom of the container):
• Pressure due to the weight of a liquid is given by

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