Page 141 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford
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past participles
The past participles closed and shut can be used as adjectives. The post office is closed/shut on Saturday afternoon.
Shut is not usually used before a noun.
a closed door (NOT tl sIt"'t Mer) closed eyes (NOT sh",t eyes)
cases where close is preferred
We prefer close for slow movements (like flowers closing at night). and close is more common in a formal style.
As we watched, he closed his eyes for the last time.
Compare:
Close your mouth. please. (dentist to patient)
Shut your mouth! (a rude way of saying 'Be quiet!')
We close roads. railways etc (channels of communication). And we close (= end) letters. bank accounts. meetings etc.
cloth and clothes
Cloth (pronounced /klne/) is material made from wool. cotton etc. used for making clothes. curtains. soft furnishings and so on. (In informal English. it is more common to say material or fabric.)
His suits were made o f the most expensive cloth.
A cloth is a piece of material used for cleaning. covering things etc.
Could you pass me a cloth? I've spilt some milk on the floor.
Clothes (pronounced /klauOzf) are things you wear: skirt. trousers etc. Clothes has no singular; instead of a elethe. we say something to wear or an article I a piece ofclothing.
I must buy some new clotlres; I haven't got anything to wear.
3
134 come and go
1 speaker's/hearer's position
We use come for movements to the place where the speaker or hearer is. Maria, would you come here, please?- I'm coming. (NOT ••. I'm going.} When did you come to live here?
(on the phone): Can I come and see you?
We use go for movements to other places.
I want to go and live in Greece. Let's go and see Peter and Diane. In 1577. he went to study in Rome.
2 speaker's/hearer's past or future position
We can use come for a movement to a place where the speaker or hearer already was or will be at the time of the movement. Compare: ~
come and go 134
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