Page 184 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford
P. 184
169 1
2
3
4
each
each + singular
Each is a determiner (see 154). We use it before a singular noun. I enjoy each moment. (NOT ••• ettet'1 nt611Jents.)
A following verb is also singular.
Each new day is different. (NOT ..• f11'e tlijfeFento) each of
We use each ofbefore a plural pronoun, or before a determiner (for example the. my. these - see 154) with a plural noun.
Each of us sees the world differently.
I write to each ofmy children once a week. A following verb is normally singular.
Each of them has problems.
pronouns
When a pronoun or possessive is used later in a clause to refer back to each (0!J + noun/pronoun. the later word can be singular (more formal) or plural (less formal).
Each girl wore what she liked best. (more formal) Each student wore what they liked best. (less formal) Each ofthem explained it in his!her/their own way.
position with object
Each can follow an object (direct or indirect). but does not normally come at the end of a clause.
She kissed them each on the forehead. (BUT NOT She Jei35ea theHt etteh.) I want them each to make their own decision.
I sent the secretaries each a Christmas card.
However, each can come at the end of a clause in expressions referring to amounts and quantities.
They cost £3.50 each. I bought the girls two ice-creams each.
without a noun
We can drop a noun after each, if the meaning is clear. However, each one or each ofthem is more common in an informal style.
I've got five brothers. and each (one/of them) is different.
with the verb
When each refers to the subject. it can also go with a verb in mid-position, like some adverbs (for details of word order. see 24). In this case plural nouns. pronouns and verbs are used.
They have each been told.
We can each apply for our own membership card.
You are each right in a different way.
The plans each have certain advantages and disadvantages.
5
6
For the difference between each and every, see 170.
each 169
page 152