Page 279 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford

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A change of speaker may mean a change of pronoun.
In the above example, Bill says I to refer to himself. Peter, talking about what Bill said, naturally uses he.
Bill said that he didn't like ... (NOT Bill said that { didn't like . ..) 'here and now' words
A change of place and time may mean changing or dropping words like here, this, now, today. Peter, reporting what Bill said, does not use this and now because he is no longer at the party.
Bill said that he didn't like the party . ..
(NOT Bill said that he didn't like this party . ..)
... he wanted to go home. (NOT ••• ta go hame naf:t;'.)
Some other 'here and now' words: next, last, yesterday, tomorrow. Compare:
- DIRECT: IN DIRECT:
- DIRECT: INDIRECT:
- DIRECT: INDIRECT:
I'll be back next week.
She said she'd be back the next week, but I never saw her again. Ann got her licence last Tuesday.
He said Ann had got her licence the Tuesday before.
[had an accident yesterday.
He said he'd had an accident the day before.
We'll be there tomorrow.
~
- DIRECT:
IN 0 IRECT: They promised to be there the next day.
indirect speech (I): introduction 274
We can also make somebody's words or thoughts part of our own sentence, using conjunctions (e.g. that), and changing pronouns, tenses and other words where necessary. This kind of structure is called 'indirect speech' or 'reported speech'.
So he said that he wanted to go home, and just walked out. Size asked what I wanted.
And then [ wondered whether he really meant it.
These two structures cannot normally be mixed.
She said to me 'I have got no money'. OR Site said to me that she had got no
money. BUT NOT She said re me mat{hettie got nB tnBney. For punctuation in direct speech, see 476, 478.
For reporting verbs and word order, see 156.
2 change of situation
Words that are spoken or thought in one place by one person may be reported in another place at a different time, and perhaps by another person. Because of this, there are often grammatical differences between direct and indirect speech. For example:
BILL (on Saturday evening): I don't like this party. I want to go home now. PETER (on Sunday morning): Bill said that he didn't like the party, and he
wanted to go home.
These differences are mostly natural and logical, and it is not necessary to learn complicated rules about indirect speech in English.
3 pronouns
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