Page 365 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford
P. 365
I much appreciate your help.
We much prefer the country to the town. I didn't much enjoy the concert.
Very much can be used in affinnative clauses as an adverb, but not usually before a noun. Compare:
I very much like your new hairstyle. (adverb)
Thank you very much. (adverb)
There's a whole lot o f water coming under the door. (before noun)
(NOT There's vef)' much ltJttter e6ming ...)
For mllcil and velJ' with past participles (e.g. IIIIIe/rlvelJ' amused), see 410.4.
358 must (1): introduction 1 grammar
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Must is a modal auxiliary verb (see 353-354). There is no -s in the third person singular.
He must start coming all time. (NOT He mmts ...)
Questions and negatives are made without do. Must you go? (NOT lJtJ )l6lt "'tust g87)
You mustn't worry. (NOT Yaft tltm't mftSt wtJFf}'.)
After must, we use the infinitive without to of other verbs. 1 must write to m y mother. (NOT .. mftSt t8 write . ..J
Must has no infinitive or participles (t8 mmt, mftSting, mftSted do not exist), and it has no past tense. When necessary, we express similar meanings with other words, for example fonns of have to (see 239).
It'sannoyingtohavetogetupearlyonSundays.(NOT ••• t8mftStgetftfj...) He'll have to start coming on time. (NOT He'H mftSt ...)
She's always had to work hard. (NOT She's alwtlys mmtM ...)
We had to cut short our holiday because m y mother was ill. (NOT We-
mftSted ...)
Some ideas about the past can be expressed by must have + past participle (see 359.4).
I can't find m y keys. I must have left them at home. Must can also be used with a past sense in indirect speech.
Everybody told me I must stop worrying.
There is a contracted negative mustn't U'mAsnt/). Must has two pronunciations: a 'strong' pronunciation /mAst/ and a 'weak' pronunciation /m(a)st/. The weak pronunciation is used in most cases (see 616).
meanings
Must is used mostly to express the deduction or conclusion that something is certain (see 359), and (less often in American English) to talk about necessity
and obligation (see 360).
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must (1): introduction 358
page 333