Page 39 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford

NAME
CONSTRUCTION
EXAMPLE
lYPlCAL USE
actions continuing at the moment of speaking (see 464)
past action with some present connection (see 455)
continuation up to the present (see 458)
past events (see 421)
action continuing at a particular past time (see 422)
action before a particular past time (see 423)
continuation up to a particular past time (see 425)
present progressive
present perfect
present perfect progressive
simple past
past progressive
past perfect
past perfect progressive
am/are/is •••ing
have/has + past participle
havelhas been • • •ing
regular verbs: infinitive + -(e)d irregular verbs: various forms
waslwere .• •ing
had + past participle
had been •• •ing
I can't talk to you now; I'm working.
1 have worked with children before, so 1 know what to expect.
It has been raining all day.
1 worked all last weekend. 1 saw John yesterday.
I saw John when 1 was coming out ofthe supermarket.
1 couldn't get in because 1 had lost my keys.
I was tired because I had been working all day.
For irregular past tenses and past participles, see 304.
For question forms, see 480. For negatives, see 367.
For the use of present forms to talk about the future, see 213-216. For past verbs with present or future meanings, see 426.
For 'conditional' forms (would + Infinltive), see 633 and 258-259. For subjunctives (e.g. . . . l h a t she go), see 567.
For passive verb forms, see 412.
For infinitives, see 280. For imperatives, see 268.
For -ing forms, see 293. For auxiliary verbs, see 85.
For verb forms constructed with modal auxiliary verbs, see 353.
11 actual(ly)
1
meaning and use
Actual means 'real'; actually means 'really' or 'in fact'.
They are used to make things clearer, more precise or more definite.
It's over 100 lcilos. Let me look. Yes, the actlUll weight is 108 kilos. I've got a new job. Actually, they've made me sales manager.
Did you enjoy your holiday? '" Very much, actually.
Actual and actually often introduce surprising or unexpected infonnation. It takes me an hour to drive to work, although the actual distance is only
~m~ ~
actual(ly) 11
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