Page 532 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford

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sentence structure (3): problems with conjunctions
In most languages of European origin, clauses are joined together by conjunctions in similar ways. However, students who speak other languages may have some problems in using English conjunctions correctly.
one conjunction for two clauses
One conjunction is enough to join two clauses - we do not normally use two.
- Although she was tired, she went to work. She was tired but she went to work.
(NOT AlfhtJugh she W (t$ tired bm she went t6 ttltJrk.)
- Because [ liked him, [ tried to help him.
[ liked him, so [ tried to help him.
(NOT Beeaft3e .'liketl him, StJ { If'ieti ttJ help him.)
- As you know, [ work very hard.
You know that [ work very hard. (NOT,43}'tJItbMW, that.'ttltJrlef!eI'Yhard.)
However, we can use and or or together with a repeated conjunction. We came back because we ran out of money, and because Ann got ill. She didn't write when [was ill, or when I got married.
Relative pronouns are also conjunctions
Relative pronouns (who, which and that - see 494) join clauses like conjunctions.
There's the girl who works with my sister.
A relative pronoun is like the subject or object of the verb that comes after it. So we do not need another subject or object.
I've got a friend who works in a pub. (NOT ••• W:ttJ .'1e ttltJr/es in a "Itb.)
The man (that) she married was an oldfriend ofmine. (NOT The man that
she fflaffietl him ...) Shealwaysthanksmeforthemoneythat[giveher.(NOT ••. theffltJI'I£}'that"
give her it.)
that, where and when
That is often used instead of which or who(m) (see 494-495). There's the girl that works with my sister.
But we do not usually use that instead of when or where.
August 31st is a national holiday, when everybody dances in the streets.
(NOT ••• that everybtJdy tlttnees ...)
The house where [live is very small. (NOT The htJft3e that .'live is f!eI'Y Stlt(tU.)
But that. .. in can mean the same as where. The house that 1 live in is very small.
That can be used instead of where and when in a few special cases (e.g. after place, day); for details, see 498.6.
I'll always remember the day (that) [ met you. For conjunctions after prepositions, see 453.
For /I01U as a conjunction, see 387. For once, see 394. For the mome", and immediately, see 267.
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