Page 547 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford

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singular and plural (2): irregular and special plurals
2
other irregular plurals Singular Plural
child children foot feet goose geese
louse lice man men mouse mice
Singular
commando concerto Eskimo kilo
Plural
commandos concertos Eskimos kilos
Singular
photo piano solo soprano
Plural
photos pianos solos sopranos
singular and plural (2): irregular and special plurals 524
Nouns ending in vowel + 0 have plurals in -s (e.g. radios, zoos). So do the following, and most new words ending in -0 that come into the language:
logo
The following words can have plurals in -s or -esj -es is more common.
Singular
buffalo mosquito
logos
Plural
buffalo(e)s mosquito(e)s
Singular
tornado volcano
Plural
tornado(e)s vo/cano(e)s
irregular plurals in -ves
The following nouns ending in -/(e) have plurals in -ves.
Singular Plural
calf calves elf elves half halves knife knives leaf leaves life lives loaf loaves
Singular
self sheaf shelf thief Wife wolf
Plural
selves
sheaves
shelves thieves wives wolves
Dwarf, hoof, scarfand wharfcan have plurals in either -ft or -ves. Hooves, scarves and wharves are more common than the plurals in -ft.
Other words ending in -j(e) are regular.
The regular plural pennies can be used to talk about separate penny coins (and one-cent coins in the USA); pence is used to talk about prices and sums of money. Some British people now use pence as a singular (e.g. That'll be three pounds and one pence, please).
Persons is sometimes used as a plural of person in official language. There is also a singular noun people (plural peoples) meaning 'nation'. ~
Singular
ox penny person tooth woman
Plural
oxen pence people teeth women
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