Page 559 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford
P. 559
She's got really nice tits. (breasts)
I spent the weekend at my gran's. (grandmother's)
God, we got smashed last night. (drunk)
Prods out! (Protestants)
Can you get that sitrep to the MD by five? (situation report; Managing
Director)
I've got some sort o f bug. (illness)
He's lost his marbles. (gone mad)
When I kick the bucket, I want you all to have a big party. (die)
Slang can be used in order to be offensive.
Shut your gob! (mouth)
For more about 'taboo' words for subjects that some people find shocking, see 575.
3 group membership; using slang
Many slang expressions (e.g. cash, kids) are widely used. However, some slang expressions are only used by members of particular social and professional groups, and nearly all slang is used between people who know each other well or share the same social background. So it is usually a mistake for 'outsiders' (including foreigners) to try deliberately to use slang. This can give the impression that they are claiming membership of a group that they do not belong to. There is also the danger that the slang may be out of date - some kinds of slang go out of fashion quickly, and when it gets into books it may already be dead. It is best for learners to avoid slang unless they are really sure of its use. If they start becoming accepted as part of an English-speaking community, they will learn to use the community's slang naturally and correctly along with the rest of their language.
534 small and little
Small simply refers to size. It is the opposite of big or large (see 106). Could I have a smaU brandy, please?
You're too small to be a policeman.
The adjective little usually expresses some kind of emotion. Poor little thing - come here and let me look after you. What's he like?- Oh, he's a funny little man.
What's that nasty little boy doing in our garden?
They've bought a pretty little house in the country.
In a few fixed expressions, little is used in the same way as small or short.
little finger a little while
the little hand ofa clock a little way
In British English little is unusual in 'predicative' position (after a verb), and comparative and superlative forms are not normally used.
The puppy was so small and sweet.
(More natural than The puppy was so little . ..)
He's the smallest baby I've ever seen.
(More natural than ... the littlest baby . ..)
For little used as a detenniner meaning 'not much' (e.g. There's little hope), see 329.
small and little 534
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