Page 583 - Practical English Usage 3ed - Michael Swan, Oxford
P. 583

 d prefixes
The prefixes anti-, co-, ex-, mid-, non-, pre-, post-, pro- and self- are often separated from what follows by hyphens.
anti-war co-producer ex-husband
mid-term non-involvement pre-meeting
post-publication pro-hunting
self-study
And other prefixes may be separated by hyphens in order to avoid unusual or misleading combinations of letters.
un-American re-examine counter-revolution
e numbers 21-99; fractions
twenty-one thirty-six two-thirds
3 word division
We also use hyphens to separate the parts of long words at the end of written or printed lines. (To see where to divide words,look in a good dictionary.)
. .. is not completely in accordance with the policy of the present govern- ment, which was ...
4 Are hyphens disappearing?
The rules about hyphens are complicated, and usage is not very clear. Perhaps because of this, people seem to be using hyphens less, especially in compound nouns. Many common short compounds are now often written 'solid', with no division between the words (e.g. weekend, wideawake, takeover); other less common or longer compounds are now more likely to be written as completely separate words (e.g. train driver, living room). The situation at present is rather confused, and it is not unusual to find the same expression spelt in three different ways (e.g. bookshop, book-shop, book shop). If one is not sure whether to use a hyphen between words or not, the best thing is to look in a dictionary, or to write the words without a hyphen.
560 spelling (5): final e
1 final -e dropped before vowels
When an ending that begins with a vowel (e.g. -ing, -able, -ous) is added to a word that ends in -e, we usually drop the -e.
hope - + hoping note - + notable shade - + shady
make -+ making fame -+ famous
Some words that end in -e have two possible forms before -able and -age. The form without -e is more common in most cases. Note:
likeable (usually with e) mov(e)able (both forms common) mileage (only with e)
Final -e is not dropped from words ending in -ee, -oe or -yeo see ..... seeing canoe ..... canoeist
agree ..... agreeable dye - + dyeing
~
spelling (5): final e 560
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