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ROMAN EMPERORS Studies of some Roman emperors of the first and second centuries include A. Goldsworthy, Augustus: First Emperor of Rome (New Haven, Conn., 2014); E. Cham- plin, Nero (Cambridge, Mass., 2003); and E. Speller, Following Hadrian (Oxford, 2003).
ROMAN ARMY AND PROVINCES The Roman army is exam- ined in J. B. Campbell, The Emperor and the Roman Army (Oxford, 1984). On warfare, see A. Goldsworthy, Roman War- fare (New York, 2005). On the provinces and Roman foreign pol- icy, see B. Isaac, The Limits of Empire: The Roman Empire in the East (Oxford, 1990).
ROMAN SOCIETY Various aspects of Roman society are cov- ered in L. Adkins and R. A. Adkins, Handbook to Life in
Notes
1. Livy, The Early History of Rome, trans. A. de S􏰀elincourt (Harmondsworth, England, 1960), p. 35.
2. Tacitus, The Annals of Imperial Rome, trans. M. Grant (Harmondsworth, England, 1956), p. 30.
3. Ibid., p. 37.
4. Ibid., p. 31.
5. Tacitus, The Histories, trans. K. Wellesley (Harmondsworth,
England, 1964), p. 23.
6. Virgil, The Aeneid, trans. C. Day Lewis (Garden City, N.Y.,
1952), p. 154.
7. Horace, Satires, in The Complete Works of Horace, trans.
Lord Dunsany and M. Oakley (London, 1961), 1.1, p. 139;
1.3, p. 151.
8. Livy, Early History of Rome, p. 18.
Ancient Rome (New York, 1994). On the gladiators, see F. Meijer, The Gladiators: History’s Most Deadly Sport (Boston, 2005). On Roman women, see S. Dixon, Reading Roman Women (London, 2001).
EARLY CHRISTIANITY For a general introduction to early Christianity, see J. Court and K. Court, The New Testament World (Cambridge, 1990). On Christian women, see R. Kraemer, Her Share of the Blessings: Women’s Religion Among the Pagans, Jews and Christians in the Graeco-Roman World (Oxford, 1995). On the controversies surrounding the Christian gospels in the early history of Christianity, see E. Pagels, Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of Thomas (New York, 2003).
9. Seneca, Letters from a Stoic, trans. R. Campbell (Harmondsworth, England, 1969), let. 5.
10. Tacitus, Annals of Imperial Rome, p. 147. 11. Juvenal, The Sixteen Satires, trans. P. Green
(Harmondsworth, England, 1967), sat. 10, p. 207.
12. Tacitus, A Dialogue on Oratory, in The Complete Works of
Tacitus, trans. A. Church and W. Brodribb (New York,
1942), 29, p. 758. 13. Matthew 5:17. 14. Matthew 7:12.
15. Mark 12:30–31.
16. John 18:36.
17. Colossians 3:10–11.
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