Page 295 - Western Civilization A Brief History, Volume I To 1715 9th - Jackson J. Spielvogel

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Brest
PICARDY Laon
Brest
Rouen
Limburg
HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
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France in the Mid-Fourteenth Century
Boundary of kingdom of France, 1360
Lands held by Edward III of England on accession, 1327
Route taken by Edward III, 1346–1347
Route taken by Edward, Black Prince, 1355–1357 Site and date of important battle
Lands ceded to Edward III of England
Domain of king of France, 1360
Lands held by relatives of the king of France Other territories held by the king of France
France in the Early Fifteenth Century
Southampton
English Channel
Dover
Calais FLANDERS
Southampton
English Channel
Dover
Calais
AGINCOURT 1415
Amiens
Cherbourg PONTHIEU
Caen Rouen
BRITTANY NORMANDY VALOIS Reims
Rennes MAINE Chartres CHAMPAGNE EMPIRE ANJOU Brétigny
NORMANDY Paris BRITTANY MAINE
ORLÉANS 1429 Tours
Reims CHAMPAGNE
POITOU
BERRY BOURBON Mâcon
FOREZ
LA MARCHE SAINTONGE Angoulême
Bordeaux AQUITAINE
BOURBON Bordeaux AQUITAINE
BLOIS Orléans Tours
BURGUNDY
Dijon Nevers
Bourges
POITIERS 1356
NEVERS
Dijon
Besançon
Chinon POITOU
Bourges Poitiers
NEVERS
Besançon
PÉRIGORD SAVOY GUYENNE AUVERGNE DAUPHINÉ
AGENAIS
GASCONY Cahors VALENTINOIS
SAVOY
ARMAGNAC GEVAUDAN
AUVERGNE
GASCONY Cahors DAUPHINÉ
BÉARN Albi BIGORRE Toulouse COMMINGES
FOIX 200 300 Kilometers
100 200 Miles
Avignon LANGUEDOC
PROVENCE
Mediterranean Sea
Bayonne ARMAGNAC
Albi Avignon Toulouse LANGUEDOC PROVENCE
ARTOIS
CRÉCY 1346
HOLY ROMAN
Cherbourg
MAP 11.2 The Hundred Years’ War. This long, exhausting struggle began in 1337 and dragged on until 1453. The English initially gained substantial French territory, but in the later phases of the war, France turned the tide, eventually expelling the English from all continental lands except the port of Calais.
Q What gains had the English made by 1429, and how did they correlate to proximity to England and the ocean?
The seemingly hopeless French cause fell into the hands of Charles the dauphin (heir to the throne), the son of Charles VI. The dauphin (DOH-fen) governed the southern two-thirds of French lands from Bourges. Weak and timid, Charles was unable to rally the French against the English, who in 1428 had turned south and were besieging the city of Orl􏰀eans to gain access to the
valley of the Loire. The French monarch was saved, quite unexpectedly, by a French peasant woman.
JOAN OF ARC Joan of Arc was born in 1412 to well-to- do peasants in the village of Domr􏰀emy in Champagne. Deeply religious, Joan experienced visions and came to believe that her favorite saints had commanded her to
War and Political Instability 257
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Boundary of kingdom of France, 1429 Boundary of lands left to England, 1377 Route taken by Henry V, 1415–1416 Route taken by Joan of Arc, 1429–1431 Site and date of important battle
Lands held by Henry VI of England, 1429 Lands held by Charles VII of France Lands held by the duke of Burgundy Burgundian lands recognizing Henry VI
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Mediterranean Sea
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