Page 607 - Sociology and You

Chapter 17 Social Change and Collective Behavior 577
According to Newman, the soul of America is at stake. She raises these questions: Will Americans turn to exclusive self-interest, or will they care for others as well as themselves? Will suburbanites turn a blind eye to the rapidly deteriorating inner
cities? Will the generational, racial, and eth-
nic groups turn inward, or will they at-
tempt to bridge the divides that threaten to
separate them further?
A partial answer to these questions is reflected in public opinion about federal, state, and local tax revenues. If the resi- dents of Pleasanton are any guide, Americans do not wish to invest in the common good. Public schools, colleges, universities, and inner cities, for example, are receiving a rapidly declining share of public economic support. In conclusion, Newman states:
This does not augur well for the soul of the
country in the twenty-first century. Every
great nation draws its strength from a social contract, an unspoken agreement to provide for one another, to reach across the narrow self-interests of generations, ethnic groups, races, classes, and gen- ders toward some vision of the common good. Taxes and budgets— the mundane preoccupations of city hall—express this commitment, or lack of it, in the bluntest fashion. Through these mechanistic de- vices, we are forced to confront some of the most searching philo- sophical questions that face any country: What do we owe one another as members of a society? Can we sustain a collective sense of purpose in the face of the declining fortunes that are tearing us apart, leaving those who are able to scramble for advantage and those who are not to suffer out of sight? (Newman, 1994:221)
Working with the Research
1. Think about your past experiences at home and in other social in- stitutions (such as schools and churches). What is your conception of the American dream, based on these experiences? Critically analyze the ways in which society shaped your conception.
2. Newman’s research was done in the early 1990s. Do you be- lieve that she is right about the fate of the American dream? Explain.
3. If the American dream is withering, many social changes are in store. Describe the major changes you foresee.
4. Suppose Katherine Newman had decided to place her study in the context of sociological theory. Write a conclusion to her book from the theoretical perspective—functionalist or conflict theorist—that you think is most appropriate.
A former G.E. worker stands in front of signs lamenting the move of a plant from North Carolina to Mexico. This thirty- year veteran of the closing plant would agree that the American dream is dying.