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in the review of the International Energy Agency (IEA) dated February 28, 2023.
Sales in 2022 increased by 5.4%, and in 2021 - by 6%. Thus, the growth rate of the global LNG market is slowing down.
Market growth in 2023, according to IEA forecasts, will be ensured by the continued increase in Europe's LNG imports, as well as due to a "moderate recovery" in demand in Asia. The IEA recalled that last year, imports of liquefied natural gas to Europe increased by 63% by 2021 to a record 180bn cubic metres. m (hereinafter, the equivalent of pipeline gas is given). Growth rates in 2023 will also be affected by the launch in the United States in Q1 2023 of the full capacity of the large Freeport LNG LNG plant (design capacity is 15mn tonnes per year, or about 20.7bn cubic metres). The plant was shut down in 2022 after a fire.
Last year, Europe was forced to sharply increase the purchase of LNG instead of the "dropped out" volumes of pipeline gas from the Russian Federation. Deliveries to non-CIS countries, including EU countries, in 2022 amounted to 100.9bn cubic metres. m, said at the beginning of January, 2023 the chairman of the board of "Gazprom" Alexey Miller. This is 45% less than a year earlier. Now the export of Russian pipeline gas to Europe continues through Ukraine (on February 28, the pumping amounted to 42.3mn cubic metres) and along the extension of the Turkish Stream gas pipeline through the Balkans (as of February 28 - 28mn cubic metres). For comparison: on February 28, 2022, pipeline supplies to Europe through all gas pipelines amounted to more than 330mn cubic metres. m.
Against the backdrop of growing demand for LNG after the start of the NVO in Ukraine, spot gas prices in Europe began to rise and in March reached a historic high of $3,900 per 1,000 cubic metres. m. Then they gradually decreased and after a new surge in August (up to $3,600 per 1,000 cubic metres) stabilized below $1,000 per 1,000 cubic metres. m. According to the ICE exchange, April gas futures in the TTF hub on February 28 traded in the region of $500 per 1,000 cubic metres.
Already a third of the natural gas exported from Russia is LNG, and in two or three years its share will account for almost half of exports. Gazprom's exports to non-CIS countries in 2022 decreased by 45% to 100.9bn cubic metres, which led to a drop in gas production in the country, according to Rosstat, by 11.9% to 672.4bn cubic metres. metres.
In 2022, LNG production in Russia, according to Rosstat, increased by 8.1% to 32.5mn tonnes (approximately 45bn cubic metres in gaseous state). At the same time, in the Far Eastern Federal District, where the Sakhalin Energy company operates, LNG production increased by 10.1% to 11.5mn tonnes,
168 RUSSIA Country Report Russia April 2023 www.intellinews.com