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A Living Chronicle: A Tapestry of People, Events and Institutions
FOUNDATIONS OF NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
Experience in Water Cure. (Mary Gove Nichols). Writer, lecturer, and healer using water cure therapy; involved in activism and health reform.
A Fair Exposition of Allopathy, or the Pathological System of Medicine, with its Kindred Systems and Branches. (Alva Curtis).
Hydropathy for the People: With Plain Observations of Drugs, Diet, Water, Air, and Exercise. (William Horsell and R.T. Trall).
Water Cure Manual. (Joel Shew). 1851
ACADEMIC: INSTITUTIONS AND COUNCILS
Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College established. Closed 1890.
DEFINITIONS, ETHICS, PRINCIPLES, AND THEORY
1852
ACADEMIC: INSTITUTIONS AND COUNCILS
Metropolitan Medical College founded in New York City, NY; Eclectic; charter revoked in 1862.
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
John Harvey Kellogg, MD (d. 1943) Would patent first “health food” cereal, write several influential books (including Rational Hydrotherapy), and build residential retreats combining diet, exercise, and water cure. Often contentious relationship with naturopaths. ••
1853
ACADEMIC: INSTITUTIONS AND COUNCILS
American College of Medicine founded in Philadelphia, PA. 1856, becomes part of Eclectic Medical College of Philadelphia. 1863, absorbed Pennsylvania Medical College. 1865, became Philadelphia University of Medicine and Surgery. Closed 1880.
New York Hydropathic and Physiological School founded in New York City, NY, by Russell Trall, MD; “hydropathic and physiological school” with pioneering four-year curriculum. Nearly half of the early enrollments were women and women MDs prominent on faculty. Becomes New York Hygeio- Therapeutic College in 1857; closed 1864.
LEGISLATION AND PUBLIC POLICY
Anti-Vaccination League founded in London
in response to Vaccination Act of 1853; made vaccination compulsory under threat of fine or imprisonment. ••
Naturopathic Medicine 23 HISTORY AND PROFESSIONAL FORMATION TIMELINE
John H. Tilden, MD (d. 1940) Graduate of Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, OH, practiced in Illinois, and published numerous periodicals, pamphlets, and books, including The Philosophy
of Health, later (1926) renamed Health Review and Critique. Advanced the understanding of toxemia. Tilden’s 1926 degeneration and healing model: (enervation, toxemia, irritation, inflammation, ulceration, induration, fungation/cancer) corresponds with the Hippocratic concept of ‘coction’ and Lindlahr’s healing reaction model (1913). ••
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