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Naturopathic Medicine
HISTORY AND PROFESSIONAL FORMATION TIMELINE
Otis G. Carroll, ND, SP (d. 1962) Influential practitioner and teacher of nature cure therapies; pioneered food intolerance testing, naturopathic physiotherapy, and constitutional hydrotherapy during 50 years of practice in Spokane, WA. ••
Robert V. Carroll, ND, Sr. (d. 1951) Therapeutic and professional leader in national and Pacific NW regional, especially emergence of American Naturopathic Association, Inc. (“West”). •••
1880
ACADEMIC: INSTITUTIONS AND COUNCILS
Eclectic Medical College of Maine founded in Lewiston, ME; 1887, charter revoked.
Hering Medical College founded in St. Louis,
MO; 1882, merged with the Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri.
Michigan Eclectic Medical College founded in Detroit, MI; closure date unknown.
PRACTICE MODELS AND DELIVERY
(Sister) Elisabeth Kenny (d. 1952) An outback nurse from New South Wales, Australia developed a regime to improve polio patient outcomes using hot packs, massage and physical therapy. ••
FOUNDATIONS OF NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE
John Lydon, SP (d. 1963) Controversial “Father of Sanipractic”; first President of Washington Board of Drugless Examiners; founder of American University of Sanipractic and The Sanipractic Magazine. ••
1881
ACADEMIC: INSTITUTIONS AND COUNCILS
Curtis Physio-Medical Institute founded in Marion, IL; 1893, moved to Indianapolis, IN under new charter; 1894, moved back to Marion; closed 1900.
Hahnemann Medical College of the Pacific founded in San Francisco, CA; first graduates, 1884; closed 1915.
Iowa Eclectic Medical College, the Medical Department of Drake University founded in Des Moines, IA; 1883, renamed Iowa Medical College, Eclectic; closed 1887.
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
Massachusetts Eclectic Medical
Journal. (Eds., Horace. G. Barrows, MD, and G. Hermann Merkel, MD). Ceased publication in 1885.
1882
ACADEMIC: INSTITUTIONS AND COUNCILS
Leonard Medical School, Medical Department Shaw University founded in Raleigh, NC; first graduates, 1886; first US four-year medical school; African American; closed 1918.
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HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGEBASE
Georgia Eclectic Medical Journal. (Ed., Joseph Adolphus).
The Home Hand-Book of Domestic Hygiene and Rational Medicine. (John H. Kellogg, MD). Revised 1886, 1899.
32 Naturopathic Medicine
HISTORY AND PROFESSIONAL FORMATION TIMELINE
