Page 57 - Foundations of Naturopathic Medicine

Era of Medical Pluralism
early communities of practice
1801 - 1879
/ Samuel Hahnemann, in Hufeland’s Journal,
1801
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASE
Constantine Hering, MD (d. 1880) Father of American homeopathy; educator. MD graduate, University of Wuerzburg with highest honors; thesis, De Medicine Future (The Medicine of Future). Originator of Hering’s Rule (Hering’s
Law of Cure). Proved 72 substances, including Lachesis. Published ten-volume materia medica, Guiding Symptoms. Co-founder, Nordamerikanische Academie der Homoeopathische Heilkunst (Allentown Academy, PA), first US homeopathic medical school.XXX
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1802
HERITAGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASE
Aufsätze und Beobachtungen aus allen Theilen
der Arzneywissenschaft und zum Theil auch der Naturheilkunde (Essays and observations of all aspects of medical science, including natural living and healing). C. G. Erdmann.
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1805
PRACTICE MODELS AND DELIVERY
J.H. Rausse (d. 1848) Articulates scientific principles of water cure. ‘Rousseau of water cure.’ Critiqued Priessnitz; advanced nature cure, understanding of suppression, vis medicatrix naturae, healing crisis; detoxification, treat the patient, not the disease; concept that many facets of illness and health encompass common factors, common causes, and that common cures address many ‘different’ disease states. Alias, Heinrich F. Francke, forest geometer, introduced Naturheilkunde.
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presents his evolving doctrine in “Therapeutics of experience.” Previously, in 1797, he distinguished, for the first time, between ‘dynamically-acting’ and ‘chemically-acting’ medicines. In 1800, further contrasted ‘dynamic’ with ‘mechanic,’ and in 1801, with ‘atomic.’ In 1801, introduced concept of ‘fixed diseases’ that have a stable cause (e.g., a “quite invariable miasm,” like syphilis or psora) and a similar course. Later, in 1807, in Hufeland’s Journal, introduced and defined term, ‘homeopathic;’ argued the ‘truth’ of curative healing not yet ‘scientifically recognized,’ and described his doctrine as “...the most rational and perfect way of healing” (Josef M. Schmidt, “200 years Organon of Medicine A comparative view on its six editions (1810-1842).”)
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1810
PRINCIPLES, THEORIES, DEFINITIONS, AND ETHICS
Mary Gove Nichols, née Mary Sargeant Neal
(d. 1884) Pioneering lay hygienist, champion of Graham; advocate for woman’s rights. Known
for controversial public lectures on anatomy and physiology. Writer, lecturer, and healer using water cure therapy; involved in activism and health reform. XX
Organon Der Rationellen Heilkunde (The Organon of Rational Therapeutics) published by Samuel Hahnemann, MD, establishing discipline of homeopathic medicine. The Organon becomes central influence in later naturopathic theory. XX
PRACTICE MODELS AND DELIVERY
The term ‘eclectic’ is coined by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque (French botanist cataloguing American plants, 1784-1841). Term refers to physicians who employed whatever is found to be beneficial to patients (‘eclectic’ derives from the Greek, eklego, “to choose from”).
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