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David Brewster: Brewster Kaleidoscope - image example c1816
Brewster had specialised in the study of optics, and the development of scientific instruments, from 1801, when he was 20 years old. His first major publication: A Treatise Upon New Philosophical Instruments was published in 1813. He published over 2000 papers overall.
The Brewster Society notes: “Brewster's kaleidoscope was a tube containing loose pieces of coloured glass and other pretty objects, reflected by mirrors or glass lenses set at angles, that created patterns when viewed through the end of the tube.” ...“Reflective symmetry has been observed since ancient times. Legend claims that early Egyptians would place two or three slabs of highly polished limestone together at different angles and watch with fascination as mandalas were formed by human dancers. It was not until centuries later, however, that this optical phenomenon was encased in one small tube and given a name. The kaleidoscope was invented and exhibited in 1816 by Sir David Brewster. (The patent would be granted in 1817.) He was a man with as many facets as his invention. Whether delving into scientific research, religion, philosophy, education, optics, photography, writing, inventions, or life on other planets, Sir David pursued each endeavor with incredible energy.” https://brewstersociety.com/kaleidoscope-university/sir-david-brewster/