Page 252 - MATHEMATICS COURSE FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS BOOK 2

pq 1a
1a
=
+ +
For example:
matrix.
For example: A= A=
Each number or letter is called an element of the
02
For the matrix A:
The first row is
01
elements in two ways.
The second row is 5 8-31 01 3
(i) -8 (ii) 5 (iii) 0 (iv) 1
The third row is 1 The first column -5
3
-5 2 pq1a1a
The second element in the first row is 4. C1 C2
-5 2
0808rs 278
rsxqxq
-5 2 -5 2 p q
1 3 R3
-5048R1 0 8 r s The order (or size) of a matrix consisting of m
21 04
8 0 R2 has3runs
1. Let A =
(a) (b)
-8 5 01
rows and n columns is m x n. It is an ‘m by n’
1a rs xq xq
1p3qR3 1 a
74585585
-5 4 R1
8 2 R1has 2 colums
1 -2 State the order of matrix A.
1 3R2 has3runs C1 C2 R3
02
02
(c)
State the position of each of the follo+wing = cdgh cdgh c
-5 4 R1
278
-5 4 R1
has 2 colums
513
8 0 R2
8 0 R2 has3rows 1 13 3R3R3
(ii) the elements in the second row
C1 C2
36
-8-554 R1
04
5 85 5 85 7-4
matrix. A row consists of all the elements in the
0810 R2 has3rows
same horizontal line; a row go across.
1 3 R3
(iv) the elements in the second column
A column consists of all the elements in the same
1 -2 01 abee abee a
74
vertical line; a colu-3mn1go down.
-8 5
-5 4
2 77 4 8 02
36 28 1
04
278
p q
The first element in the second column is 4. -5 4 R1
ACTIVITY 3
1513
5 85 5 85 7-4 00 50 10
the second column is 3 6
1 -2
01 00 0-2 01 a b e e a b + e e = a +e b + f
21 04
246
c d g h c d g h c + g d+ h
5 85 5 85 7-4 00 50 10
1 -2 01 00 0-2 01
-3 1
rs xq
rsxqxq
The matrix A = 1 3 R3 has 3 rows and 2 columns, so m = 3 and n = 2. It is a 3 x 2 matrix,
-5 4 R1 thisistheord8er(0o-r8sRiz25e)hoafsm3atrruinxsA.
1 3 R3 01
The first element in the first row is -5.
-5 4 R1
1 3 R3
74
The first element in the first column is -5. 8 0 R2 has 2 colums
-3 1
513
xq has3runs
has 2 colums
-5 4 R1 R2
8 0 12 8 0
DEFINING A MATRIX
A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers or letters (or both) consisting of m rows and n col- umns enclosed in a pair of curved or squared brackets. A matrix is usually denoted by a capital letter from the English alphabet.
NUMBERS: MATRICES1 3 R3 -5 4 R1
R2 1 3 R3
C1 C2
-5 2 -5 2 0808rs
p q
-5 4 R1 1 a pq 1a
8 0 R2 has3rows
8 0 R2 has3rows
36
-50 4R
83 0R
13
State a b e e a b + e e cdghcdgh
(i) the elements in the first row
21
(iii) the elements in the first column