Page 136 - Knowledge Organiser Yr8 24-25

Knowledge Base: Science 8.6 Health Year 8
1. Unbalanced Diet
1.1
Name four health conditions caused by an unbalanced diet.
Starvation, obesity, vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
1.2
What health problems can someone have if they are underweight?
Poor immune system, tiredness.
1.3
What is obesity?
The abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat in the body.
1.4
What health problems can someone have if they are overweight?
Heart disease, strokes, diabetes, some cancers.
3. Asthma
3.1
What is asthma?
A condition that affects the airways carrying air into and out of the lungs.
3.2
What effect does asthma have on lung volume?
Lung volume is decreased.
3.3
Which part of the respiratory system is affected by asthma?
Bronchioles.
3.4
What are the symptoms of asthma?
Coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath.
3.5
What causes the symptoms of asthma?
• Constriction – the tightening of the muscles surrounding the airways .
• Inflammation – the swelling and irritation of the airways.
• Build up of mucus in the trachea.
3.6
How is asthma treated?
Using drugs called relievers that help to open up the airways.
1.5 What vitamin deficiency can lead to night blindness?
1.6 What vitamin deficiency can lead to scurvy?
1.7 What vitamin deficiency can lead to rickets?
2. Smoking
2.1 Name three harmful chemicals present in cigarettes.
Vitamin A. Vitamin C. Vitamin D.
Tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide.
2.2
Which harmful chemical irritates and narrows the airways?
Tar.
2.3
Which harmful chemical is an addictive drug that speeds up the nervous system?
Nicotine.
2.4
Which harmful chemical is a poisonous gas that stops the blood from carrying as much oxygen?
Carbon monoxide.
2.5
How can smoking cause heart disease?
Causes the arteries to become blocked, preventing the flow of blood.
2.6
How can smoking cause emphysema?
Weakens the walls of the alveoli so they do not inflate properly and may burst during coughing.
2.7
How can smoking cause respiratory infections?
Stops the cilia from moving mucus up the trachea.
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