Page 79 - Knowledge Organiser Yr8 24-25

Knowledge Base: History How did struggles over identity cause Year 8 lasting global changes? c.1500 CE to 1843 CE.
1. Timeline of the ancient world
1.1 The medieval period ended, according to historians, when the Tudor family came to the English throne.
c. 1485 CE
1.2 Contact was made between the European sailors led by Christopher Columbus and indigenous American peoples.
1492 CE
1.3 The Treaty of Tordesillas was agreed by the King of Spain and King of Portugal, with the Pope acting as a broker.
1494 CE
1.4 Constantinople, capital of the Ottoman Empire, was said to be the centre of the world because of its culture and wealth.
c. 1500 CE
1.5 Martin Luther, a German monk and university professor protested against the way the Catholic Church was being led.
1517 CE
1.6 Aztec Empire’s capital city was destroyed by the Spanish forces of Hernán Cortés.
1519 CE
1.7 Martin Luther was excommunicated by Pope Leo X. Luther burnt the Pope’s letter.
1521 CE
1.8 Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage of circumnavigation (all the way around the world) was completed.
1522 CE
1.9 Holy Roman Empire fought a war against the Ottoman Empire. The Pope was released from prison.
1529 CE
1.10 King Henry VIII of England joined the Reformation and ‘broke’ from the Roman Catholic Church.
1530s CE
1.11 The European witch-craze. Many people across Europe were accused of witchcraft and executed.
c. 1550 to 1650 CE
1.12 Spanish colonies in central and southern America were fully up and running, using indigenous peoples as slaves to gain wealth.
1550s
1.13 Pope Pius IV ordered all books he had banned to be burnt. This was 3⁄4 of all books being printed in Europe.
1560s CE
1.14 A group of Catholic gentlemen plotted to kill King James I, other royals, and all of Parliament in the Gunpowder Plot. It failed.
1605 CE
1.15 The Thirty Years War destroyed much of central Europe. A main cause was the Reformation, that saw Catholics fight Protestants.
1618 to 1848 CE
1.16 Nzinga became ruler of the kingdom of Ndongo. She would later also rule over the kingdom of Matamba.
1624 CE
1.17 Civil Wars in Britain (England, Scotland and Ireland all involved). King Charles I lost and was executed by Parliament in 1649.
1642 to 1651 CE
1.18 The Acts of Union officially joined Scotland with England to become Great Britain. Great here means bigger, not necessarily brilliant.
1707 CE
1.19 The United States of America was founded when 13 colonies of Great Britain declared their independence on 4th July.
1776 CE
1.20 Scottish voters chose to
accept some law-making and decisionmaking powers from the UK, making a Scottish Parliament.
1997 CE
2. Empires of the early modern world
2.1 Ming China
2.2 Timurid Empire
2.3 Safavid Empire
2.4 Ottoman Empire
2.5 Holy Roman Empire
2.6 Aztec Empire
2.7 Inca Empire
2.8 Mughal Empire
The Ming dynasty were emperors of China from 1368 to 1644. They celebrated Chinese achievements, like fine pottery and other advanced technologies. The last great nomadic empire (moved around, not based in one place with a capital city). An Islamic empire that had successf ul traders and warriors.
A powerful Asian empire from 1501-1736. The empire followed Shi’a Islam, and had successful traders and warriors.
A powerful empire in parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa (around the Mediterranean Sea). The empire followed Sunni Islam, and w as in a golden age in 1500. An empire in Europe. It began in medieval times and continued throughout the early modern period. The emperor was elected by 7 rulers in the empire. Based in modern day Mexico City, the Aztec were ruled by Emperor Montezuma II. Their capital city, Tenochtitlán, was the larg est city in the world in 1519. Like the Aztecs, the Incas were in the Americas and believed in many Gods. Incas had developed advanced technologies and had a huge network of roads. A Muslim empire in India founded by Babur, who was related to the great Mongolian warrior Genghis Khan. The Mughal dynasty ru led from 1526 to 1720.
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