Page 109 - Nicolaes Witsen & Shipbuilding in the Dutch Golden Age

Figure 2.97. (above) Plate XXIV. Binding strake
Figure 2.98. (left) Plate LIII (drawing CC)
the tuck was s lightly convex, owing to the cur ves of the wing transom, transoms, and f ashion pieces, the pl anks had to be bent either by scorching or sawn as such, so as not to have to mount them under tension.
49. Make the hanging knees, and have the Ledges sawn.
When having ligh t and heavy hanging knees, place them evenl y on both sides against the deck beams.
the spaces between the binding str akes fore and aft the hatchways. They were one fourth the stem in thickness.
50. Go outside, and make the Wales under the gunports.
Wales: are thick bands, w hich can be seen along the ship’s side: they ser ve to hold the ship to- gether.
. ..
(68 II 37) 20. About the Wales.
1. The Lower wale 1⁄2 the thickness of the stem.
2. The breadth, as the stem is thick.
3. The upper wales less.
But for ships that are 170 or 180 feet long, then the
How Ships Are Built in Holland Today
(55 I 10)
(76 II 5 1)
(68 II 1)
The ledges a quarter of the stem.
(76 II 47) 3. The knees long 6 feet.
4. The bills long 3 feet.
5. Thick 7 inches.
6. Broad 8 inches, as for the Gun room.
(78 II 1) The ledges thick 2 1⁄2 inches, broad 3 1⁄2
inches, between each deck beam 3 ledges.
49. Make the Hanging Knees and Have the Ledges Sawn
These hanging knees supported the upper dec k beams. One was applied to eac h end of the beams. Lik e the beams themselves, they were lighter th an the h anging knees of the main deck.
The ledges have been mentioned alre ady. They sup- ported the dec k planking and spanned the spac e be- tween the w aterways and the binding str akes as well as
wales 2 inches thinner.
(77 I 44) 29. About the Wales, and the Sheer rail. 1.Thelowerwale,stands1 foot8inchesbelowthe height of the scuppers, and is broad 13 inches, and thick
61⁄2 inches.
2. The second wale, 2 feet 5 inches higher , than the
lower, and is broad 13 inches, thick 6 inches.
Figure 2.99.
Knee of the upper deck beam.
Figure 2.100. (below) Plate XX. A ledge.
(left) Plate XXII.
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