Page 75 - BB_Textbook

Spelling and Pronunciation of the 3rd Person Final -s and -es
To form a simple present tense verb in 3rd person, we add an -s to the verb. Sometimes the final -s sounds like a “z.” Sometimes the final -s sounds like an “s.”
Sounds like “Z” The words below are verbs that have “voiced” sounds. Voiced sounds make your vocal cords vibrate. Hold your hand on the front of your neck.
Make the sounds of these letters in English:
B, D, G, L, M, N, R, V, Y and all the vowels A, E, I, O, U
You will feel your vocal cords vibrate.
Sounds like “S” The words below have “voiceless” sounds. Voiceless sounds do NOT make your vocal cords vibrate. Hold your hand on the front of your neck.
Make the sounds of these letters in English: F, H, K, P, S, T, TH as in three
You will NOT feel your vocal cords vibrate.
adapt → adapts break → breaks eat → eats effect → effects laugh → laughs look → looks make → makes put → puts
set → sets shock → shocks sleep → sleeps stop → stops text → texts walk → walks waste → wastes write → writes
adapt/s/ break/s/ eat/s/ effect/s/ laugh/s/ look/s/ make/s/ put/s/ set/s/ shock/s/ sleep/s/ stop/s/ text/s/ walk/s/ waste/s/ write/s/
absorb → absorbs feel → feels
flood → floods grow → grows know → knows learn → learns live → lives
lower → lowers move → moves play → plays ride → rides run → runs
see → sees survive → survives warm → warms zigzag → zigzags
absorb/z/ feel/z/ flood/z/ grow/z/ know/z/ learn/z/ live/z/ lower/z/ move/z/ play/z/ ride/z/ run/z/ see/z/ survive/z/ warm/z/ zigzag/z/
Sometimes adding a final -s to a verb in 3rd person singular needs an extra syllable. In this case, we add an -s or an -es that is pronounced Əs. The extra syllable is needed because of the sound the verb ends with. For example, change is a one syllable word.
Changes is a two-syllable word when we add the final -s. change → chang /əz/
Teach is a two-syllable word when we add the final -es. teach → teach /əz/
These are the verb ending that require an extra syllable when adding -s or -es in 3rd person singular: voiceless -g, -voiceless, -ce, -sh, -ch, -ss, -x, -zz
balance → balances buzz → buzzes change → changes fix → fixes
miss → misses
bal anc /əz/ buzz /əz/ chang /əz/ fix /əz/ miss /əz/
BENDING BAMBOO
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push → pushes push /əz/
stress → stresses teach → teaches wash → washes watch → watches
stress /əz/ teach /əz/ wash /əz/ watch /əz/