Page 29 - Libro 2

1 — Vascular Anatomy
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Radial artery
Brachiocephalic
vein
vena cava
Superior
Superficial palmar branch of radial artery
Deep palmar arch
Proper dorsal digital artery
Radialis indicis artery
Ulnar artery
Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery
Superficial palmar arch
Common palmar digital arteries
Proper palmar digital arteries
Subclavian vein
Cephalic vein Axillary vein
Venae comitantes of brachial artery
Basilic vein
Figure 1-12 Radial artery supplying the deep palmar arch.
Figure 1-14 View of the upper extremity veins crossing the axillary region.
The superficial veins of the arm include the ce- phalic, basilic, and medial antebrachial veins. The cephalic vein winds around the radial border of the forearm and continues along the lateral border of the biceps muscle. It then empties into the axillary vein just below the clavicle (Fig. 1-14). The basilic vein courses along the ulnar aspect of the forearm and continues proximally along the medial border of the biceps muscle. It joins the brachial vein to form the axillary vein. Both the cephalic and basilic veins communicate with the median cubital vein at the antecubital fossa. The median antebrachial vein courses the forearm slightly toward the ulnar side of the arm. It ends into either the median cubital vein or the basilic vein.
The deep venous branches of the forearm are the venae comitantes of the radial, ulnar, and interosse- ous arteries. They are paired veins, which follow the path of the arteries. These branches all unite at the elbow to form the brachial veins. There are usually two brachial veins, which course along each side of the brachial artery. The axillary vein begins at the junction of the brachial and basilic veins. It becomes the subclavian vein just past the outer border of the first rib. The axillary vein lies medial to the axillary artery, which it partially overlaps. The brachioce- phalic veins are formed at the junction of the inter- nal jugular and subclavian veins at each side of the base of the neck. The superior vena cava is formed by the junction of the two brachiocephalic veins just behind the right side of the sternum.
Axillary vein Cephalic vein
Venae comitantes of brachial artery
Median cubital vein Median antebrachial vein
Venae comitantes of radial artery
Superficial palmar venous arch
Deep palmar venous arch
Basilic vein
Venae comitantes of interosseous artery
Venae comitantes of ulnar artery
Palmar digital veins
Figure 1-13 Venous drainage of the hand and veins of the upper extremity.