Page 525 - AWSAR 2.0

proposed for VANET. Next area for research is security while routing messages. The topology of VANET is constantly changing. So, it is necessary for each pair of adjacent nodes to incorporate routing security and thus prevent potential attacks making use of vulnerabilities. Lack of incorporation of security features in routing protocol is a serious issue in VANETs. Because of all these issues, VANETs are more prone to suffer from malicious behaviour than traditional wired networks. Therefore, we need to pay more attention to the security issues in the VANETs. VANETs have a highly dynamic environment and a short period of connection establishments. So, deployment of a complete security solution is practically difficult. In addition to high mobility, the dynamic network topology and the use of wireless media are the basis of most of the security threats. VANETs must have a secure way of communication, and this is a quite challenging and vital issue.
VANETs are vulnerable
against attacks that can
directly lead to misuse of
the networks. VANETs have
attracted a lot of attention
in the research community
because of their varied value-
added services, namely
vehicle safety, automated toll
payment, traffic management,
enhanced navigation, location-
based service, etc. Privacy and
security are exposed to many
security threats in this world,
and VANET is not exceptional.
VANET security is different from that of wireless and wired networks because of its unique characteristics of mobility constraints, infrastructure-less framework and short duration of a link between nodes. VANETs lack a clear line of defence, which is a serious concern. VANETs cannot trace a dedicated boundary like other wired networks. There
Mrs. Rakhi S. || 501
is always a possibility of unplanned network establishments in VANETs. This flexibility leads to a number of security challenges. There is no mechanism that can be deployed to control traffic monitoring. Then, the periphery that separates the internal network from the outside world becomes obscure. As a result, a malicious node can readily become active and interrupt the network operations by deliberately disobeying standards of the network. As we are aware, security never comes for free. When more security features are added into the network, overhead increases. As a result, network performance tends to degrade, which is an important concern in the network. But, in security design, both security strength and network performance have equal importance. To secure any network or VANET specifically, the nature and the capacity of the attacker must be known, although it is a hard task in practical scenarios.
Most of the VANET applications nowadays concentrate more on congestion avoidance, lane change warnings, post- crash warnings, etc. The misbehaviour detection needs to be addressed in a broader way in VANETs. To be more precise, misbehaviour can be described as any abnormal behaviour of a vehicular node that deviates from the average behaviour of other vehicular nodes in VANETs. In VANET,
the communication is mainly due to the periodic exchange of beacon packets, which are exchanged between the nodes over a shared channel. During this communication, it is possible that a particular node can become malicious and send multiple messages by changing the identities. These nodes create an illusion of an unreal event by transmitting
About 60% of road accidents are happening due to the negligence of the driver. If we try to warn them on time, we can reduce the risk of road accidents. Imagine a future where a driver can be warned about a potential crash.