Page 65 - Scotland's Unsung Castles

Garret. A space at the top of the house just below the roof,
E though it could incorporate part of the roof. Used for storage.

E-Plan Tower house. A tower with a main block and two Gatehouse: A fortified entrance building, where the gatekeep-
wings at right angles er usually resides.
Earthworks – Used to describe any structure build with Gazebo A small roofed structure affording shade and rest,
earth, like temporary fortification or burial mound. usually overlooking a garden or some scenic view.
Eaves. The overhanging edge of a roof. Glacis: A gentle sloping wall or embankment. Sometimes re-
ferred to as a talus.
Embankment: An earthen wall or rampart, often topped
with a palisade. Gloriette: A building built on an elevated part of a large flat
area. Could also be a small specialised building built on an island.
Embattled – Has Battlements or has been provided with
Battlements. Gothic A period around 12th and 16th centuries; distinguished
by slender vertical piers and counterbalancing buttresses and by
Embrasure: A narrow angled opening, in the wall for firing
vaulting and pointed arches
through.
Great chamber – After the great hall, was the most im-
Enceinte: The line of a defensive enclosure around a fortress.
portant room in the castle could be the laird’s bedroom or private
Entresol Intermediate or mezzanine floor just above the chamber.
ground floor
Great Hall: The principal room in a castle where important
F meetings and functions take place

Great tower: The Keep or donjon in a castle
Fascine - Bundles of small sticks of wood, bound together,
used in raising batteries, filling ditches Groin vault (roof architecture) A curved edge formed by two
intersecting vaults.
Feu (Scots) Land granted to a person on condition he pays the
annual feu-duty. Groined - Roof with sharp edges at intersection of cross-vaults.
Fillet - Narrow flat ribbon worn as a headband. Gunloop. An opening for firing guns through

Finial – A decorative piece of stone used to decorate the top
H
of a spire, gable or balustrade, etc.
Fluting - Shallow concave grooves on the shaft of a column.
Hall house. A house built with a basement and only one large
Foliated – (ornamental) Carved with foliage. room (The Hall) above it. The term Hall house, can also apply to
Footings - Bottom part of wall. buildings built in an unconventional manner.
Fore (Scots) A structure protecting an entrance…... Hammer beam. To do away with the tie-beams spanning the
width of the great hall the Gothic and Tudor designers came up
…...Forebuilding: A fortified building in front of, and pro- with the hammer beam, a shore timber cantilever.
tecting, the main castle entrance.
Half-timber. Walls made of a wood frame, filled with wattle
Fort, fortress: Are military establishments. Whereas, a
and daub.
Castle is a private dwelling that possible has some hired castle
Harling. Wet dash applied to the walls of castles for added
guards. However in medieval times, Castle were constantly com-
ing under attack, from rivals and those looking for revenge. weather protection
Heraldic panel. A stone panel displaying the arms and
Fosse – A ditch.
initials of a noble.
Freestone – Stone that can be cut at any angle, like sand-
Herringbone. Used in masonry; lines in one column sloping
stone or limestone.
one way and lines in adjacent columns sloping the other way.
Fresco – A Painting done on wet plaster
Hillfort. Bronze or Iron Age earthwork defences usually diches
Frieze (ornamental) of a horizontal band.
and ramparts. As they were built on high ground they made perfect
Escalade - Attempting to scale the castle walls with ladders. locations for many of the castles that came after them.
G Hoarding. A temporary timber structure for the protection of
archers and other warriors when the castle is attacked.
Gable – the Triangular end wall of a sloping roof. Hood Mould. A protective weather Arch, protruding out
Gallery: A balcony or open passage lines with pillars, or a above doors, entry points and windows.
long room for exhibits. Hornwork. A four sided fortification in front of the main wall.
Ganerbenburg – A Castle shared by several families. Each I
family has its own private quarters but shares the rest of the
castle. Impost - (architecture). The lowest stone in an arch -- from
Garderobe: A toilet or latrine, usually build into the castle which it springs
wall Inner Curtain - A defensive wall between two fortified towers
Gargoyle. A grotesque head, of an animal or human, pro- or bastions of a castle
truding from a wall. Usually, with a waterspout projecting from Inner Ward. An open area in the centre of a castle.
their open mouth.
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