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Appendix D
Oil and Wear Debris Analysis Data
CFR. Fuel Engine Oil Viscosity TAN Water Fe Ag Al Cr Cu Sn Si B
Instant Lubricant Test
Comments
High copper level indicating worn bearings and
Summary
High Cu level is evidence of worn
Oil
Spec. Type
Mileage (km)
Mileage (km)
at 100C 14.3
(mg KOH/g) (ppm) 4.11
10W30 42428 Gas 10W30 42428 Gas
176595 204679
9993 6679
21 0 5.3 15.4 0 3
1.5 59.4 0.7 27.8
0.2 11.4 4.6 0.8 27.5 15.4
Good
bushings. Viscosity exceeding prescribed limits.
bearings and bushings. High Si level is conducive to increase wear as hard sand particles grind on softer metals. Copper in the presence of moisture is a good catalyst to promote oxidation which leads to increased oil acidity (high TAN) and increased viscosity. The presence of high level of Cu at the beginning of the program indicates that the bearings and bushings were already worn and was not caused by the oil change interval extension. Unable to complete any cycle with this CFR.
10W30 45233 Gas
56244
0
10.39
2.5 692
3.7 0 2.1
0.1 0.4
0 21.8 72.7
New
High Si associated with the presence of sand/dirt in the oil
Increasing Si (dirt/sand) content
Increasing Si (dirt/sand) content. Appearance of high level of tin (Sn) indicating worn bearings and bushings.
High Si level is conducive to increase wear as hard sand particles grind on softer metals; it may have led to the wearing of the bearing(s) and bushing(s). The oil properties remained within limit throughout the sampling cycle indicating that wearing of the bearing was not fluid induced. 1 cycle completed.
10W30 45233 Gas 10W30 45233 Gas
63830 70216
7586 13972
9.7 10.6
3.9 558 4.2 1310
23 0 6.3 51 0 10
2 2.8 3 4
0 26.9 42.6 21 34 23
Good Good
10W30 61297 Gas 10W30 61297 Gas
8155 18754
0 10599
10.3 9.8
2.66
4.23 1253
6.9 0 2.5 23.2 0.1 6.3
0.1 4.3 0 15.4
0 14.5 0.5 0 29.4 0.5
Good Good
Oil and oil-wetted components in good condition.
10W30 61297 Gas
21090
12935
9.5
2.4 1253
6.8 0.1 2.8
0.8 4.9
0 13.9 69.3
Good
High Si associated with the presence of sand/dirt in the oil
The appearance of Boron in the oil with no increase in water content and viscosity drop along with noticeable decrease in oil acidity (TAN) and copper and iron levels indicate that a different type of oil was added (top up) or an oil change may have occurred. Oil change not confirmed. Appearance of high level of tin (Sn) indicating worn bearings and bushings. The decrease of Boron (B) content confirms that the presence of B is not associated with a coolant leak.
The appearance of Boron (B) in the middle of the sampling cycle with no other clues indicating the presence of a coolant leak, indicate fluid top up or oil change occurred. Due to the ambiguity of the situation, no conclusions can be drawn from the data collected from this CFR. 1 cycle completed
10W30 61297 Gas
24658
16503
9.3
2.7 1532
11 0 4
1 9
15 21 41
Good
D-2
10.4
3.75 803
New oil. High copper level indicating worn bearings and bushings. High Si (sand/dirt) content