Page 437 - israel water resources

CONTENTS

Preface to the Second Edition 1

Chapter 1: Water in Nature – Introduction 3

1.1 The Hydrosphere . . 3 1.2 A Resource under Scarcity . . 7 1.3 The Hydrological Research . . 9

Part A: The Israeli Water Economy – A Global Comparison 11

Chapter 2: Israel Water Crisis 13

2.1 Introduction . . 13 2.2 The Hydrological Crisis . . 14 2.3 Environmental Damage . . 22 2.4 Lack
of Infrastructure . . 23 2.5 The Water Management Crisis . . 26

Chapter 3: Restoration of the Water Sector 31

3.1 Introduction . . 31 3.2 Legal Reform . . 33 3.3 Economic Reform . . 35 3.4 Physical Restoration . . 39
3.5 Current Management Issues . . 46

Chapter 4: History of the Water Struggle in Israel 49

4.1 Introduction . . 49 4.2 Pioneering Water Plants . . 51 4.3 Water in the Jordan Basin . . 57
4.3 Groundwater in Judea, Samaria and Gaza . . 61

Chapter 5: The Global Water Crisis 69

5.1 Introduction . . 69 5.2 The Hydrological-Environmental Crisis . . 74 5.3 The Infrastructure
Crisis . . 81 5.4 International Conflicts over Water Resources . . 85 5.5 Water-Induced Natural
Disasters . . 91 5.6 Policy, Legislative and Management Deficiencies . . 95

Part B: Natural Water Resources 101

Chapter 6: Precipitation 103

6.1 Introduction . . 103 6.2 Climate and Weather . . 104 6.3 Rains and Evaporation . . 108
6.4 Natural Water Potential . . 116 6.5 Rainfall Stimulation . . 117 6.6 Future Rain Trends . . 122

Chapter 7: Lake Kinneret 125

7.1 Introduction . . 125 7.2 Water Balance, Pumping and Levels . . 126 7.3 Internal Water
Currents . . 132 7.4 Salination Processes . . 135 7.5 Contamination Processes . . 147 7.6 Hula -
Swamp Draining and Reflooding . . 152